基于全尺寸台架试验的中低速磁浮列车悬浮架强度评估  

Strength evaluation of levitation frame for medium and low speed maglev train based on full-scale bench test

作　　者：李苗 马亚群 王宇 罗世辉[1] 马卫华[1] 雷成[3] LI Miao;MA Ya-qun;WANG Yu;LUO Shi-hui;MA Wei-hua;LEI Cheng(State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,Sichuan,China;CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130062,Jilin,China;Henan Engineering Research Center of Rail Transit Intelligent Security,Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College,Zhengzhou 451460,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统全国重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司,吉林长春130062 [3]郑州铁路职业技术学院河南省轨道交通智能安全工程技术研究中心,河南郑州451460

出　　处：《交通运输工程学报》2023年第6期206-215,共10页Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51875483);牵引动力国家重点实验室自主研究课题(2020TPL-T01,2020TPL-T04)。

摘　　要：为评估某中低速磁浮列车悬浮架构架是否满足强度要求,利用自主研发的全尺寸中低速磁浮强度试验台对该悬浮架构架开展了静强度与疲劳强度试验,基于有限元和多体动力学仿真结果,确定了悬浮架构架的应力集中部位与承载特性;据此,在悬浮架构架上合理布置了系列测点,测量了车辆在超常载荷、模拟主要运营载荷和模拟特殊运营载荷3类工况下悬浮架构架的应变响应信号,根据悬浮架构架不同部位的材料特性,通过转换计算评估了悬浮架构架的应力水平。研究结果表明:在静强度试验中,悬浮架构架的较大应力点主要分布于托臂拐角、支撑轮安装座与防侧滚梁连接处、停放制动滑橇安装座等处,而在疲劳强度试验中的薄弱点主要为纵梁与托臂连接的焊缝处;相比于列车的常规运行工况,在悬浮失效、超载落车制动等特殊运行条件下,悬浮架构架的静强度和疲劳强度的应力幅值分别增加了1.06和4.77倍;所有测试工况下悬浮架构架受到的最大拉应力、最大压应力分别为67.22、-20.30 MPa,且最小安全系数为1.71,说明悬浮架构架满足结构强度要求;所有测试数据结果均在各自材料的Goodman-Smith疲劳极限图包络线内,说明悬浮架构架满足疲劳强度要求;经渗透探伤查验,悬浮架构架的任何位置上均未发现裂纹,验证了悬浮架构架疲劳强度评估结果的可靠性。In order to evaluate whether the levitation frame of a medium and low speed maglev train meets the requirements of strength,the static strength and fatigue strength tests of the levitation frame were conducted by using the self-developed full-scale medium and low speed maglev strength test bench.According to the finite element analysis and the results obtained from multi-body dynamics simulation,the stress concentration position and bearing characteristics shown by the levitation frame were determined,followed by the reasonable arrangement of measuring points in a series on the levitation frame.The signals of strain response shown by the levitation frame of the train under three types of working conditions were measured,including extraordinary load,simulated main operation load,and simulated special operation load.Based on the material properties displayed by different parts of the levitation frame,the stress level of the levitation frame was evaluated through transformation calculation.Research results show that in the static strength test,large stress points of the levitation frame are mainly distribute at the corner of the bracket,the connection point between the mounting seat of support wheels and the anti-rolling beam,and the mounting seat of the parking brake sled,while the weak point obtained from the fatigue strength test is mainly at the weld joint between the longitudinal beam and the bracket.In comparison with the conventional operating conditions of the train,the stress amplitude values of the static strength and fatigue strength of the levitation frame increase by 1.06 and 4.77 times respectively under special operation conditions such as levitation failure and overloading braking.The maximum tensile stress and compressive stress of the levitation frame under all test conditions are 67.22 and-20.30 MPa,respectively,with the minimum safety factor as 1.71,indicating that the levitation frame meets the structural strength requirements.All the test data are within the envelope of the Goodman-Smith fatigu

关 键 词：车辆工程 中低速磁浮 现场试验 悬浮架 台架试验 强度评估 

分 类 号：U237[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]