英汉违实条件句表义方式的认知对比研究——以if条件句和如果条件句为例  

A Cognitive Contrastive Study of the Meaning of English and Chinese Counterfactuals:A Case Study of If-conditionals and Ruguo-conditionals

作　　者：刘岩[1] 魏在江[1] LIU Yan;WEI Zaijiang(Faculty of English Language and Culture,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou 510420,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学英语语言文化学院,广东广州510420

出　　处：《惠州学院学报》2024年第1期116-122,128,共8页Journal of Huizhou University

基　　金：国家哲学社科基金一般项目(22BYY070)。

摘　　要：本研究以COCA语料库中的if条件句和BCC语料库中的如果条件句为例,从语义和语用两方面对比英汉违实条件句的表义方式。研究发现:1)在语义层面,英语违实条件句有违实标记,存在过去时的语义虚化,常通过附加句子加强违实义,而汉语违实条件句有假设性增强标记,未构成过去时的虚化,常通过附加词汇加强违实义;2)在语用层面,英语违实条件句语境依赖性更低,传递的主观性较弱,偏重因果推理机制,而汉语违实条件句语境依赖性更高,传递的主观性较强,偏重结果对比机制;3)二者的对比特征体现了英汉母语者在文化和思维方面的认知识解差异。本研究不仅为英汉违实义的认知对比研究作出了有益探索,也为英汉违实条件句的习得和教学提供了参考。Based on semantic and pragmatic meaning,this study conducts a contrastive analysis of the meaning of English and Chinese counterfactuals,with If-conditionals in COCA and Ruguo-conditionals in BCC as examples.The study shows that:1)In terms of se‐mantic meaning,English counterfactuals have CF(Counterfactuality)markers,constitute semantic bleaching in the past tense,and tend to reinforce counterfactual meanings by adding sentences,while the Chinese counterparts have HE(Hypotheticality Enhancing)mark‐ers,do not constitute semantic bleaching in the past tense,and usually reinforce counterfactual meanings by adding words;2)In terms of pragmatic meaning,English counterfactuals rely less on context,convey weaker subjectivity and make full use of causal inference mechanism.Conversely,the Chinese counterparts rely more on context,convey stronger subjectivity,and take full advantage of the con‐trast effect mechanism;3)These contrastive differences are essentially reflective of different kinds of construal in culture and thinking between English and Chinese.This study not only enriches the cognitive contrastive study of English and Chinese counterfactuals but also provides a reference for the acquisition and teaching of the two counterfactuals.

关 键 词：违实条件句 语料库 英汉对比 识解 

分 类 号：H313[语言文字—英语]