转型中的英国继续教育:弥合技能鸿沟  

The UK Further Education in Transition:Close the Skills Gap

作　　者：王世赟 WANG Shiyun(Institute of International and Comparative Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing,100875)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学国际与比较教育研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《比较教育研究》2024年第1期80-89,共10页International and Comparative Education

摘　　要：劳动者技能水平对经济的可持续发展至关重要。英国技能体系基于规范资格框架,通过高等教育部门、继续教育部门与雇主的紧密合作,培养具有不同资格等级的技能人才。然而,继续教育部门长期以来面临着受忽视和边缘化的问题,这导致技能资格认证的两极分化和技能人才供给侧的失衡。为了解决技能短缺和技能差距问题,自2015年起,英国政府进行多次审查,并推出一系列关于继续教育与技能的政策和法律。这些政策法律旨在从三个方面提升劳动者技能水平:加强对继续教育部门的拨款力度,将雇主纳入技能体系的核心,以及建立终身技能学习体系。英国政府的总体政策目标是通过这些改革,提供稳定、连贯且高质量的继续教育体系,以实现劳动者技能的增长,有效弥合技能鸿沟,从而促进英国产业经济的发展和综合国力的增强。The proficiency of the workforce is crucial for the sustainable development of the economy.In the UK,the skills system,anchored in the Regulated Qualification Framework,actively fosters a wide range of competencies through the synergies of higher education,further education sectors,and employer involvement.However,the further education sector has consistently been subjected to neglect,leading to a polarization in skill qualifications and gaps in the availability of skilled professionals.To confront these skill gaps,the UK government has undertaken several reviews since 2015,initiating a variety of policies and legal frameworks specifically addressing further education and skill enhancement.These initiatives are designed to improve workforce capabilities in three principal areas:increasing funding for the further education sector,positioning employers at the forefront of the skills framework,and encouraging lifelong learning for continuous skill development.The overarching objective of these UK government reforms is to establish a stable,integrated,and high-quality further education system,thereby elevating the skill set of the workforce,effectively bridging the skills gap,and consequently driving the growth of the UK's industrial and commercial economy as well as fortifying the nation's overall strength.

关 键 词：继续教育 技能鸿沟 雇主主导 终身学习 

分 类 号：G729[文化科学—成人教育学]