富硒荷叶离褶伞菌丝体中蛋白质提取工艺优化及氨基酸组成分析  

Process of Extraction Protein from Selenium-enriched Lyophyllum decastes Mycelia and Analysis of Its Amino Acid

作　　者：高慧娟 陈月娟 杨艳辉 黄建花 曹阳 赵丽 张楠 朱子雄 魏生龙 GAO Huijuan;CHEN Yuejuan;YANG Yanhui;HUANG Jianhua;CAO Yang;ZHAO Li;ZHANG Nan;ZHU Zixiong;WEI Shenglong(College of Life Sciences and Engineering,Hexi University,Z hangye 734000,China;Application of Fungal Engineering Laboratory in Gansu Provinc e,Zhangye 734000,China;Key Laboratory of Hexi Corridor Resources Utilization of Gan su,Zhangye 734000,China;Linze Yiquan Xinhe Agricultural Science&Technology Developm ent Co.,Ltd.,Zhangye 734200,China)

机构地区：[1]河西学院生命科学与工程学院,甘肃张掖734000 [2]甘肃省应用真菌工程实验室,甘肃张掖734000 [3]甘肃省河西走廊特色资源利用重点实验室,甘肃张掖734000 [4]临泽县怡泉新禾农业科技发展有限公司,甘肃张掖734200

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2024年第6期169-177,共9页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划资助-中小企业创新基金项目(22CX3GG019);甘肃省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201710740027);甘肃省科技计划资助-自然科学基金项目(22JR11RG226)。

摘　　要：以20 L生物发酵罐培养的富硒荷叶离褶伞菌丝体为原料,对菌丝体中蛋白提取工艺进行优化,并分析硒的富集对荷叶离褶伞菌丝体中氨基酸种类和含量的影响。利用单因素实验和Box-Benhnken中心组合响应面试验法,优化了荷叶离褶伞菌丝体中硒蛋白提取工艺,采用3,3'-二氨基联苯胺分光光度法测定蛋白质中硒的含量,并通过氨基酸测定仪分析测定富硒前后的菌丝体蛋白中氨基酸量的变化。结果表明,荷叶离褶伞菌丝体中硒蛋白的最适提取条件为:提取温度64℃、提取时间60 min、液料比200:1 mL/g、提取次数2次,经过验证性试验,测得蛋白提取率为75.13%,菌丝体中富硒量达到63.87μg/g。采用氨基酸测定仪分析氨基酸的组成,并通过氨基酸评分(AAS)、化学评分(CS)指标对富硒荷叶离褶伞菌丝体蛋白质进行初步营养价值评价。富硒荷叶离褶伞菌丝体中蛋白质中氨基酸种类齐全,人体必需氨基酸含量为17.20 g/100 g,较未富硒的高出19.75%,必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸(EAA/NEAA)为0.51,接近WHO提出的推荐值,AAS和CS的值接近于模式蛋白。说明经过工艺优化可以提高蛋白质提取率,在富硒菌丝体蛋白质中含有硒,硒促进了氨基酸含量的增加,富硒菌丝体中蛋白质的营养价值较未富硒菌丝更高,富硒菌丝体具有潜在的食用和应用价值。The process of extracting seleno-protein from the selenium enriched Lyophyllum decastes mycelia cultured in a 20 L fermentor was optimized,and the effects of selenium enrichment on both types and contents of amino acids in Lyophyllum decastes mycelia were analyzed.Single factor tests and Box-Benhnken central combined response surface test were used to optimize process of extracting seleno-protein from Lyophyllum decastes mycelia.The content of protein was determined by 3,3'-diaminobenzidine spectrophotometry.The types and contents of a mino acids in mycelia protein before and after selenium enrichment were compared by means of amino acid analyzer.The results showed that the optimal conditions of extracting seleno-protein from mycelia of Lyophyllum decastes were extraction temperature of 64℃,extraction time of 60 min,liquid-solid ratio of 200:1 g/mL,and extraction times of 2.The protein extraction rate was 75.13%,and the content of selenium in mycelia was 63.87μg/g.The amino acid composition were analyzed by means amino acid score(AAS)and chemical score(CS),and the nutritional value of the protein in the selenium-enriched Lyophyllum decastes mycelia was evaluated.The varieties of amino acids in the s elenium-enriched Lyophyllum decastes mycelia were abundant and the content of essential amino acid s for human body was 17.20 g/100 g,19.75%higher than that in the non-selenium-ecriched Lyophyllum decastes mycelia.The ratio of EAA/NEAA was 0.51,close to the recomm ended value proposed by WHO,and the values of both AAS and CS w ere close to the those in the model protein.In summary,th e protein extraction rate could be improved by optimizing the e xtraction process,and there was selenium in the protein from selenium-enriched mycelia,which promoted the increase of amino acid content.The nutritional value of protein in selenium-enriched mycelia was higher than that in non-selenium-riched mycelia,and selenium-enrichec mycelia had potential edible and application value.

关 键 词：荷叶离褶伞 蛋白质提取工艺 氨基酸组成 氨基酸评价 

分 类 号：TS219[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]