2020年榆林市食品化学污染物及有害因素监测结果分析  

Analysis of monitoring results of chemical pollutants and harmful factors in Yulin food in 2020

作　　者：郑笑晨 焦亚东[1] 柳彦峰 贺明丽 钟瑞 李舒 ZHENG Xiaochen;JIAO Yadong;LIU Yanfeng;HE Mingli;ZHONG Rui;LI Shu(Yulin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]榆林市疾病预防控制中心,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2024年第3期247-251,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：陕西省科技厅科技资源开放共享平台项目(2022PT-46);榆林市科协青年人才托举计划项目(20210324)。

摘　　要：目的 了解榆林市食品化学污染的整体状况,掌握食品污染物的种类、分布、污染程度及其变化趋势,为开展食品安全风险评估,制定和修订食品安全相关政策提供依据。方法 于2020年在榆林市辖区内的农贸市场、商店(超市)、小型餐饮店、网店及种植环节采集食品样品,按照《2020年国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册》中的方法或相关国家标准进行检测,按照国家食品安全标准进行评价。用χ^(2)检验比较差异性。结果 2020年共监测食品样品400份,检出含化学污染物及有害因素的样品248份,检出率为62.00%,超标样品3份,超标率为0.75%,低于2018年的1.52%和2019年的7.49%,超标物为1份芝麻酱中的黄曲霉毒素、1份荸荠中的铅和1份豇豆中的灭蝇胺。不同年份食品中化学污染物及有害因素超标率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=26.965,P<0.05)。结论 2020年榆林市辖区食品的化学污染情况总体较好,化学污染物及有害因素超标情况低于2018年和2019年以及同年份的其他部分地区,但依然存在超标现象,相关部门应进一步加强监管力度。Objective To understand the overall situation of chemical pollution of food in Yulin,mastering the types,distribution,pollution degree and changing trends of the pollutants,so as to provide basis for carrying out food safety risk assessment and develop and revise food safety related policies.Methods Food samples were collected from farmers'markets,stores(supermarkets),small catering shops,online shops,and planting links within the jurisdiction of Yulin City in 2020.Testing in accordance with the methods in the 2020 National Manual for Risk Monitoring of Food Pollutants and Harmful Factors or relevant national standards were used for detection,and the evaluation was conducted according to the national food safety standards.The X’test was used to compare the differences.Results In 2020,a total of 400 food samples were monitored,and 248 samples were detected to contain chemical pollutants and harmful factors,with a detection rate of 62.00%.Three samples exceeded the standard,with an exceeding rate of 0.75%,which was lower than the 1.52%in 2018 and 7.49%in 2019.The exceeding substances were aflatoxin in 1 portion of sesame paste,lead in 1 portion of water chestnut,and fly killing amine in 1 portion of cowpea.There was a statistically significant difference in the exceeding rates of chemical pollutants and harmful factors in food in different years(x^(2)=26.965,P<0.05).Conclusion In 2020,the chemical pollution of food in the jurisdiction of Yulin City is generally better,and the situation of the exceedance of chemical pollutants and harmful factors exceeding the standard is lower than that in 2018 and 2019 as well as some other regions in the same year,but there still exist exceedance.Therefore,relevant departments should further strengthen their supervision efforts.

关 键 词：食品 化学污染物 食品安全 有害因素 监测 分析 

分 类 号：R155.51[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]