近代壬戌学制对我国师范教育的历史观照  

Historical Reflection on the Dual Impact of Modern Renxu School System on Normal Education

作　　者：黄剑平 王晓璇 HUANG Jianping;WANG Xiaoxuan(Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;School of Education,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875 [2]华南师范大学教育科学学院,广东广州510631

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（教育科学版）》2024年第2期105-113,共9页Journal of Ningbo University(Educational Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“中国近代社会教育思想史论”(20FJKB003)。

摘　　要：实现教育现代化,建成教育强国,必须办好师范教育。新文化运动思想、先进教育思潮和教育家爱国情怀的推动奠定了壬戌学制在我国学制发展史和师范教育发展史的地位。其中关于中、高等师范的一系列改革措施,对近代师范教育产生深刻影响:优化中师课程设置、注重培养方式多样性、提升师范教育学术地位;取消师范生公费制、弱化师范教育独立设置制度、忽视师范生知识结构培养。壬戌学制百余年来的历史经验,对新时代我国推动师范教育高质量发展带来的启示:加大公费师范教育投入力度、强化师范院校教师教育特色、培养壮大教师队伍、促进区域教育均衡发展、优化教师教育课程体系建设、注重师范生跨学科能力培养。Normal education is of great significance to the educational modernization for a powerful country.Thoughts of the New Culture Movement,advanced educational beliefs and educators'patriotism played a vital role in the establishment of the Renxu system in the historical development of China's school system and normal education.This paper explored its series of reforms in secondary and higher normal education that has exerted a profound impact on modern normal education in terms of optimizing the curriculum design of secondary normal schools,diversifying the training methods and elevating the academic status of normal education while abolishing the public fund system of normal students and the independent establishment of normal education,and properly altering the cultivation of subject knowledge.It thus discussed the implications of Renxu's historic experience for the construction of a high-quality education system,suggesting that specific steps can be taken to increase the governmental input in normal education,foster the characteristics of teachers education in normal universities,expand the faculty cultivation,promote the coordinated development of regional education,streamline the construction of teachers education curriculum system,and emphasize the cultivation of students'interdisciplinary skills in normal colleges,to advance the further development of China's normal education in the new era.

关 键 词：壬戌学制 中国近代教育 师范教育 教师教育 

分 类 号：G65[文化科学—教育学]