山东省某三甲综合医院2019—2021年食源性疾病监测数据分析  

Analysis of surveillance data of foodborne disease from a level a tertiary general hospital in Shandong province from 2019 to 2021

作　　者：袁从文 孙彦琪[1] 王翔宇 焦志 佘凯丽 王忠利[1] YUAN Congwen;SUN Yanqi;WANG Xiangyu;JIAO Zhi;SHE Kaili;WANG Zhongli(People's Hospital of Rizhao,Rizhao 276800,China;School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]日照市人民医院,山东日照276800 [2]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《现代医院》2024年第3期460-464,共5页Modern Hospitals

摘　　要：目的分析山东省某三甲综合医院2019—2021年食源性疾病监测结果,为食源性疾病监测工作的持续开展与改进提升提供现实依据。方法资料来源于全民健康保障疾控信息系统“全民健康保障信息化工程食品安全风险评估业务应用平台”中2019—2021年山东省某三甲综合医院上报的食源性疾病哨点监测数据,按要求采集粪便/肛拭样本做病原学检测。结果2019—2021年共报告食源性疾病2323例,采集样本682例,采样率为29.36%,阳性检出134例,检出率为19.65%,不同年份检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);病原菌检测检出率较高的依次为诺如病毒(9.53%)、副溶血性弧菌(8.94%)和沙门氏菌(1.91%),各检出率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2323例监测病例中男女性别比1∶1.28,年龄分布占比较高的依次为20~29岁(29.19%)、30~39岁(27.21%)和<20岁(11.71%);时间分布6~9月病例报告最多,7~8月达高峰,10月及以后病例报告数逐渐减少;不同职业人群分布占比排序靠前的为家务及待业人群(30.18%)、农民(15.93%)、学生(13.65%)和商业服务人员(11.80%);临床症状以消化系统和全身症状为主,消化系统症状主要为腹泻2093例(90.10%)、腹痛1741例(74.95%)、恶心1575例(67.8%)和呕吐1401例(60.31%),腹泻主要为水样便1954例(84.12%),全身症状主要为乏力454例(19.54%)和脱水212例(9.13%),临床诊断主要为急性胃肠炎1980例(85.23%)和感染性腹泻199例(8.57%);食源性疾病监测的可疑暴露食品主要为水产动物及其制品(25.10%)和肉与肉制品(19.37%),可疑暴露食品的主要进食场所为家庭(57.34%),其次为饭店(酒店)(21.91%)、其他场所(5.94%)和街头食品摊点(5.21%)。结论2019—2021年食源性疾病检出病原微生物主要为诺如病毒和副溶血性弧菌,主要集中在20~39岁年龄组,职业分布主要为家务及待业人群、农民、学生和商业服务人员,多伴恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻等消化系统症Objective Analyze the surveillance results of foodborne illness from a level A tertiary general hospital in Shandong Province from 2019 to 2021,to provide a realistic basis for the continuous development and improvement of foodborne disease surveillance.Methods The data were collected from a level A tertiary general hospital in Shandong Province from 2019 to 2021 in the food safety risk assessment business application platform of national health insurance information project of National Health Security Disease Control Information System,and stool/anal swab samples were collected as required for pathogen detection.Results From 2019 to 2021,a total of 2323 cases of foodborne diseases were reported and 682 samples were collected,with a sampling rate of 29.36%,and 134 positive cases were detected,with a detection rate of 19.65%.The difference between the detection rates of different years was statistically significant(P<0.05).The detection rate of norovirus was the highest(9.53%),followed by Vibrio parahaemolyticus(8.94%)and Salmonella(1.91%).The difference between the detection rates of different pathogens was statistically significant(P<0.05).The sex ratio of 2323 cases was 1∶1.28.Among the different age distributions,20-29 years old accounted for the highest proportion(29.19%),followed by 30-39 years old(27.21%)and<20 years old(11.71%).The highest number of cases was reported from June to September,the peak was reached from July to August,and the number of cases was gradually reduced in October and later.Among different occupational groups,housework and unemployed people accounted for the highest proportion(30.18%),followed by farmers(15.93%),students(13.65%)and commercial service workers(11.80%).The main symptoms of the digestive system were diarrhea in 2093 cases(90.10%),abdominal pain in 1741 cases(74.95%),nausea in 1575 cases(67.8%)and vomiting in 1401 cases(60.31%).The main diarrhea was watery stool in 1954 cases(84.12%).The main systemic symptoms were fatigue in 454 cases(19.54%)and dehydration in 212 case

关 键 词：哨点医院 食源性疾病 疾病监测 食品安全 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]