“大词汇小语法”下的外向型汉语学习词典收录单位及实现路径  

The Collection Units and Implementation Paths of Dictionary for Learning Chinese

作　　者：杨玉玲 陈贤德 YANG Yu-linɡ;CHEN Xiɑn-de(Teachers college,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学,教师教育学院/国际中文教育研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《汉语学习》2024年第2期82-91,共10页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：国家社会科学项目“外向型汉语学习融媒词典的研发与创新研究”(项目编号:22BY159);国家语委项目“数智时代中文学习多模态资源建设与应用研究”(项目编号:YB145-85);教育部语合中心中外联合研究专项“基于《等级标准》的英语母语者易混淆词研究”(项目编号:22YH26ZW)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文基于《等级标准》中语法项目和词汇的数量及归属变化提出,外向型汉语学习词典的收录单位应遵循“大词汇小语法”的原则,具体以词为核心向两端延伸为实施路径,即向下凸显语素在构词理据上的作用,向上延伸到语块。文章发现既有外向型汉语学习词典或缺乏语素意识或缺乏语块意识。本文为语素和语块收录提出大致实现路径。Based on the changes of the number and ownership of grammar and vocabulary in Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for international Chinese Language Education this paper puts forward that the collection unit of dictionary for learning Chinese should follow the principle of“big vocabulary and small grammar”,and the specific implementation path is to take words as the core and extend to both ends,that is,to highlight the role of morphemes in word formation motivation downward and extend to chunks upward.This paper investigates the situation of morpheme awareness and chunk collection in existing dictionary for learning Chinese,and finds that some existing dictionaries have no explicit morpheme awareness.This paper finally puts forward a general realization path for morpheme and chunk collection.

关 键 词：大词汇小语法 外向型汉语学习词典 收录单位 语素 语块 

分 类 号：H195.5[语言文字—汉语]