教学机智的内涵、影响因素及生成  

The Connotation,Influencing Factors,and Generation of Teaching Wit

作　　者：孙刚成 杜怡文 SUN Gangcheng;DU Yiwen(College of Education Science,Yan'an University,Yan'an,Shaanxi,716000,China)

机构地区：[1]延安大学教育科学学院,陕西延安716000

出　　处：《教育与教学研究》2024年第4期45-55,共11页Education and Teaching Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“基于图神经网络的学生课堂状态协同判别及解释模型研究”(编号:62177039);延安大学2022年教学改革研究重点项目“以学生为中心的人才培养模式创新与实践”(编号:YDJGZD22-05)。

摘　　要：教学机智是教师在具体的教学情境中,将教育理论、信念和情感转化为实践智慧的一种教育实践能力。教学机智不仅涉及感知洞察、教育审美和学生学习意向等多方面、多因素的交融影响,还涉及教学机智生成过程中三对矛盾的命题判断,即教学机智的真假矛盾、教学准备的有无矛盾、师生关系中庸之洽的“距离尺度”矛盾。矛盾穿插在教学过程中不断相互作用、相互影响,促成了教学机智生成的复杂性和多样性。教学机智的生成过程包括“反思-临场行动-反思”,是一个不断循环、相互交错且渐进上升的过程。教师在这个过程中获得缄默知识且进行酝酿,直到在临场行动中被刺激并做出反应以生成自身的教学机智。除此之外,教师的个人教学机智还要积极在教育场域中联结“他者行动资源”,不断吸收和借鉴他人的教学经验和智慧,从而实现教学机智的独立与共通相互转化。Teaching wit is an educational practice capability in which teachers transform educational theories,be-liefs,and emotions into practical wisdom in specific teaching contexts.It not only involves the interwoven influence of mul-tiple factors such as perceptual insight,educational aesthetics,and students'learning intentions,but also involves the judgment of three pairs of contradictory propositions in the process of generating teaching wit,namely the contradiction be-tween authenticity of teaching wit,the contradiction between the presence and absence of teaching preparation,and the"distance scale"of the harmonious relationship between teachers and students.Contradictions interweave and continually interact with each other in the teaching process,leading to the complexity and diversity in the generation of teaching wit.The process of generating teaching wit includes"reflection,on-the-spot action,and reflection',which is a continuous cy-cle,interlocking,and progressively ascending processes.During this process,teachers acquire tacit knowledge and incubate it until they are stimulated and react to generate their teaching wit during on-the-spot action and response.In addition,the personal teaching wit of teachers should actively connect with"others'action resources"in the educational field,and con-tinuously absorb and draw on the other's teaching experience and wisdom to achieve the independence and mutual trans-formation of teaching wit.

关 键 词：教学机智 教育实践 教育在场 教育审美 

分 类 号：G650[文化科学—教育学] G420