不同发酵剂对黄芪渣发酵及营养品质的影响  

Effects of different starter cultures on the fermentation and nutritional quality of Astragalus membranaceus residue

作　　者：傅航[1] 李轲[1] 芦荣华[1] 贾娟[1] 杨雯雯[1] FU Hang;LI Ke;LU Ronghua;JIA Juan;YANG Wenwen(Luohe Vocational Technology College,Luohe,Henan Province 462002,China)

机构地区：[1]漯河职业技术学院,河南漯河462002

出　　处：《中国饲料》2024年第6期68-71,共4页China Feed

基　　金：2022年度河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(22B550013)。

摘　　要：文章旨在研究不同发酵剂对黄芪渣发酵及营养品质的影响。试验将晾干后的黄芪渣粉碎过筛,利用光合菌、枯草芽孢杆菌及植物乳杆菌对黄芪渣进行单一菌及两菌剂复合、三菌剂复合发酵,分别为空白对照组(CON)、枯草芽孢杆菌组(BS)、植物乳杆菌组(LP)、光合菌组(PSB)、枯草芽孢杆菌+植物乳杆菌组(BS+LP)、枯草芽孢杆菌+光合菌组(BS+PSB)、植物乳杆菌+光合菌组(LP+PSB)、枯草芽孢杆菌+植物乳杆菌+光合菌组(BS+LP+PSB)。检测发酵后黄芪渣的营养成分、生物活性物质、黄曲霉B1以及呕吐毒素,选择合适的发酵剂,以便提高黄芪渣的利用率。除BS组以外,其他各试验组相较于对照组干物质含量均显著下降(P<0.05);PSB、LP+PSB、BS+LP+PSB组粗蛋白质含量显著高于其他组(P<0.05);BS、LP、BS+PSB组的粗脂肪含量显著低于对照组及其他试验组(P<0.05);BS、PSB组粗灰分含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),LP、BS+LP、LP+PSB组与对照组相比无显著差异(P>0.05),各组粗纤维含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。LP、BS+PSB、LP+PSB、BS+LP+PSB组多糖含量显著高于对照组及其他试验组(P<0.05);各组皂苷类物质和黄酮类物质无显著差异(P>0.05)。黄芪渣中添加不同菌剂或复合菌剂均未影响黄芪渣发酵后黄曲霉B1及呕吐毒素的含量,各组黄曲霉B1、呕吐毒素均无显著差异(P>0.05)。总之,在黄芪渣中添加比例为1∶1∶1且相对含量为0.1%的枯草芽孢杆菌、植物乳杆菌、光合菌可有效提升黄芪渣发酵后粗蛋白质及多糖含量,显著降低粗脂肪含量。The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of different starters on the fermentation and nutritional quality of astragalus residue.The dried Astragalus dregs were crushed and screened,and the Astragalus dregs were fermented by Photosynthetic bacteria,Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum:Blank control group(CON),Bacillus subtilis(BS),Lactobacillus plantarum group(LP),photosynthetic bacteria group(PSB),Bacillus subtilis+Lactobacillus plantarum group(BS+LP),Bacillus subtilis+Photosynthetic bacteria group(BS+PSB),Lactobacillus plantarum+Photosynthetic bacteria group(LP+PSB),Bacillus subtilis+Lactobacillus plantarum+photosynthetic bacteria group(BS+LP+PSB)Through the detection of nutritional components,bioactive substances,aflatoxin B1 and vomiting toxin of astragalus residue after fermentation,the suitable starter was selected to improve the utilization rate of astragalus residue.Compared with the control group,except for the BS group,the dry matter content of all other experimental group was significantly decreased(P<0.05);P the crude protein content of the SB,LP+PSB and BS+LP+PSB groups was significantly higher than that of the other groups(P<0.05),and the crude fat content of the BS,LP,BS+PSB groups was significantly lower than that of the control group and other experimental groups(P<0.05).The crude ash content of the BS and PSB groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the LP,BS+LP,LP+PSB groups and the control group(P>0.05),and there was no significant difference in crude fiber content between the groups(P>0.05).The content of polysaccharides in the LP,BS+PSB,LP+PSB and BS+LP+PSB groups was significantly higher than that in the control group and other experimental groups(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in saponins and flavonoids among the groups(P>0.05).In conclusion,the addition of different fungal agents or conforming agents to Astragalus membranaceus residue did not affect the effects of aflatoxin

关 键 词：黄芪渣 枯草芽孢杆菌 植物乳杆菌 光合菌 营养水平 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]