脂润滑弧齿锥齿轮热弹流润滑与效率研究  

Thermal Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication and Efficiency of Grease Lubricated Spiral Bevel Gears

作　　者：王振博 郑鹏[1] WANG Zhenbo;ZHENG Peng*(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Liaoning Shenyang 110870,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学机械工程学院,辽宁沈阳110870

出　　处：《摩擦学学报（中英文）》2024年第3期323-334,共12页Tribology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDC04030503)资助。

摘　　要：基于油动重载四旋翼无人机的特殊应用条件,研究了无人机齿轮箱内脂润滑弧齿锥齿轮的润滑状态及啮合效率.推导了适用于弧齿锥齿轮的脂润滑雷诺方程,采用计算油膜剪切力和微凸体接触摩擦力组成的复合摩擦系数代替摩擦系数经验公式的方法,研究了在无人机各种工况下的齿面润滑情况和啮合效率.结果表明,本研究中提出的考虑粗糙度的脂润滑雷诺方程能够很好预测文献中的试验结果;弧齿锥齿轮的齿面较为复杂,不能用油润滑的中心油膜厚度算法近似估计脂润滑弧齿锥齿轮整个齿面上的润滑状态;1个啮合周期内的齿面摩擦系数在节点处最大;低转速情况下,齿面将进入混合润滑状态;1个啮合周期内啮合效率的变化与啮合位置密切相关,在啮入点处效率最低;在转速不变的前提下,润滑脂黏度越高,效率损失越大.Based on the special application conditions of oil powered heavy-duty four rotor UAV, the lubrication state and meshing efficiency of spiral bevel gears lubricated with grease in the gearbox of UAV were studied. The research showed that lubricating grease was a kind of lubricant with relatively complex properties, and a Reynolds equation suitable for the tooth surface of spiral bevel gears was proposed based on the assumption that the lubricating grease was an elastic-plastic fluid. And the direction of entrainment velocity, surface roughness, and extrusion effects were taken into account when establishing the Reynolds equation. The Reynolds equation of grease lubrication for spiral bevel gears was solved. In order to accurately solve the problem, the discrete mesh in the contact area consists of spaced nodes. In order to facilitate convergence, the Gauss-Seidel iterative method was used in the low pressure area,and the Jacobian iterative method was used in the high pressure area. The empirical formula of friction coefficient was replaced by the calculation method considering the shear force and the contact ratio of micro convex body. This was due to the consideration of the particularity of tooth surface meshing of spiral bevel gears, so a mixed-thermalelastohydrodynamic lubrication friction model was established. The tooth surface lubrication and meshing efficiency under various conditions of UAV were studied. These conditions including constant speed cruise, slow climb, and maneuver avoidance. And the effects of different rotational speeds and lubricant viscosities on efficiency were considered. In order to prove the reliability of the Reynolds equation established in this study, the method of literature comparison was used to prove. The results showed that the Reynolds equation of grease lubrication considering roughness proposed in this study was in good agreement with the results in the literature, and compared to the Reynolds equation(assumes that lubricating grease was a plastic fluid), this model was clo

关 键 词：啮合效率 热弹流 润滑状态 摩擦系数 混合润滑 

分 类 号：TH117.2[机械工程—机械设计及理论]