掌克古茶树无性系苗主要形态性状和生化成分的分析  

Analysis of Main Morphological Characters and Biochemical Components of Clonal Seedlings of Ancient Tea Plant in Zhangke

作　　者：宋勤飞 王亚[1] 张雪寒 尹杰 牛素贞 Song Qinfei;Wang Ya;Zhang Xuehan;Yin Jie;Niu Suzhen(College of Tea Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang,550025;Tea Engineering and Technology Research Center of Guizhou,Guizhou University,Guiyang,550025)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学茶学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学,茶叶工程技术研究中心,贵阳550025

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第9期3060-3071,共12页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(32060700);贵州省自然科学基金项目(黔科合基础[2019]1404号);贵州省林业厅林业科技平台项目(黔林科合[2019]09号);贵州省教育厅重点领域项目(黔教合KY[2021]042)共同资助。

摘　　要：为明确掌克古茶树无性系苗主要形态性状和生化成分的遗传多样性,为科学合理利用掌克古茶树种质资源提供依据。本研究以43份掌克古茶树两年生无性系苗为材料,田间调查其主要形态性状,测定春梢一芽三叶生化成分,并进行综合分析和评价。结果显示,掌克古茶树无性系苗主要形态性状的变异系数为16.55%~37.30%,遗传多样性指数为0.95~2.04;春梢生化成分变异系数为14.49%~28.75%,多样性指数为1.44~1.93。各形态指标和生化成分之间有一定的相关性。主成分分析将13个指标简化为5个因子,累积贡献率达到68.28%。在欧式距离10处,43份材料被分为三大类群;类群Ⅰ包含24份材料,类群Ⅱ包含10份材料,类群Ⅲ包含9份材料。掌克古茶树无性系苗主要形态性状和生化成分的变异较大,遗传多样性丰富;聚类到类群Ⅲ的ZK7、ZK11、ZK13、ZK15、ZK16、ZK22、ZK19、ZK23、ZK37等材料综合性能较好,具有较高选育价值。In order to clarify the genetic diversity of main morphological characters and biochemical components of Zhangke ancient tea clones,and to provide a basis for scientific and rational utilization of Zhangke ancie nt tea germplasm resources.In this study,43 two-year-old cuttings of Zhangke ancient tea were used as materials,the main morphological characters were investigated in the field,the biochemical components of one bud and three leaves of spring shoot were determined,and the comprehensive analysis and evaluation were carried out.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of the main morphological characters of Zhangke ancient tea clones was 16.55%~37.30%,and the genetic diversity index was 0.95~2.04;the coefficient of variation of biochemical components of spring shoots was 14.49%~28.75%,and the diversity index was 1.44~1.93.There is a certain correlation between morphological indexes and biochemical components.Principal component analysis simplified 13 indexes to 5 factors,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 68.28%.At the Euclidean distance of 10,43 materials were divided into three groups:group Ⅰ contained 24 materials,group Ⅱ contained 10 materials,and group Ⅲ contained 9 materials.The main morphological characters and biochemical components of Zhangke ancient tea clones varied greatly,and the genetic diversity was rich,and the materials clustered into group Ⅲ,such as ZK7,ZK11,ZK13,ZK15,ZK16,ZK22,ZK19,ZK23,ZK37 and so on,had good comprehensive properties and had high breeding value.

关 键 词：古茶树 形态指标 生化成分 遗传多样性 评价 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]