家庭资本对子女教育获得的影响研究  

Research on the Influence of Family Capital on Children's Educational Attainment

作　　者：孙猛[1] 王昶[2] Sun Meng;Wang Chang

机构地区：[1]吉林大学东北亚研究中心,吉林长春130012 [2]东北师范大学体育学院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（教育学）》2022年第1期78-89,共12页

摘　　要：文章围绕家庭资本影响教育代际流动这一问题构建一个包含多重机制的分析框架,利用2016年CLDS数据进行系统而稳健的实证检验,探讨贫困家庭子女教育获得劣势的产生机制。研究发现:中国家庭资本对子女教育获得的影响存在稳定的二元模式和增强效应。文化资本在整个教育周期的平均效应要大于经济资本,但是经济资本在代际间的边际效应增速更快,也正是资源转化模式的延续和扩展才逐渐形成了贫困家庭子女教育获得劣势的困境。农村家庭子女的资源转化处于明显劣势,表现为低水平和低回报的双重制约,两者的叠加效应进一步限制了贫困家庭子女的教育获得。同时,家庭资本还通过生育数量和重点中学发挥中介作用,重点高中对数量替代和初中优势具有强化效应。资源转化模式在绩效原则制约下更多通过基础教育竞争来实现,甚至在重点本科获得上已完全转化为重点高中的累积优势。此外,尽管文化资本的生育数量质量替代机制比经济资本更为显著,但是效应占比却并不高,因为受生育政策影响家庭的替代空间已经非常有限,所以会更多转向竞争基础教育资源来提升子女优势。Focusing on the problem that family capital affects the intergenerational flow of education,this article constructs an analysis framework that includes multiple mechanisms,and uses the CLDS2016 data to conduct a systematic and robust empirical test to explore the generation mechanism of"unfavorable children are hard to come by".The study found that the influence of Chinese family capital on children's educational attainment has a stable dual model and an enhanced effect.The average effect of cultural capital in the entire education cycle is greater than that of economic capital,but the marginal effect of economic capital between generations has grown faster.It is the continuation and expansion of the resource transformation model that gradually formed the dilemma of disadvantaged childrens educational attainment.The resource transformation of children in rural families is at an obvious disadvantage,which is manifested in the dual constraints of low levels and low returns.The superimposed effect of the two further restricts the education of children from poor families.At the same time,family capital also plays an intermediary role through the number of births and key high schools,and key high schools have a strengthening effect on number substitution and the advantage of junior high schools.The resource conversion model is more realized through basic education competition under the restriction of the performance principle,and even the acquisition of key undergraduates has been completely transformed into the cumulative advantage of key high schools.In addition,although cultural capitals replacement mechanism for the quantity and quality of births is more significant than that of economic capital,the effect is not high.Because the replacement space for families affected by the birth policy is already very limited,they will turn more to competition for basic education resources.Enhance the advantages of children.These conclusions have important enlightenment for China to continue to promote basic education reform an

关 键 词：家庭资本 教育获得 生育数量 重点中学 中介效应 

分 类 号：G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理] F126[文化科学—教育学]