循环热处理对油莎豆淀粉流变特性以及促回生特性的影响  

Effects of Cyclic Heat Treatment on Rheological and Retrogradation Properties of Cyperus esculeutus Starch

作　　者：盛福楠 刘晗 贾梦 汪轩羽 李秀荷 王慧芳[1] 王志伟[1] 戴福宏 高铁成 周中凯[1] 李宁 SHENG Funan;LIU Han;JIA Meng;WANG Xuanyu;LI Xiuhe;WANG Huifang;WANG Zhiwei;DAI Fuhong;GAO Tiecheng;ZHOU Zhongkai;LI Ning(College of Food Science and Engineering,Tianjin University of Science&Technology,Tianjin 300457,China;Xinjiang Sanli Grain and Oil Co.,Ltd.,Tumushuke 843900,Xinjiang,China;Guangzhou Puratos Food Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 511400,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学食品科学与工程学院,天津300457 [2]新疆三礼粮油有限公司,新疆图木舒克843900 [3]广州焙乐道食品有限公司,广东广州511400

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2024年第9期22-29,共8页Food Research and Development

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目(22ZYCGSN00360)。

摘　　要：以玉米淀粉为对照,探究油莎豆淀粉的糊化特性和流变特性,并将其进行循环回生处理,研究其对淀粉结构、热特性、水分分布和消化特性的影响。结果表明:相比于玉米淀粉,油莎豆原淀粉颗粒较小,具有较强的吸水溶胀能力,表现出较高的峰值黏度、崩解值和回生值。流变特性显示,油莎豆原淀粉的G'和G″较小,触变环面积较大,其形成的凝胶网络结构具有较弱的黏弹性和较强的流动性,且抗剪切能力略差。经循环热处理,油莎豆淀粉的糊化焓值、IR_(1047)cm^(-1)/1022cm^(-1)比率、自由水比例和慢消化淀粉、抗性淀粉含量均显著升高,其增值幅度高于同等处理条件下的玉米淀粉。在经过循环热处理后,油莎豆淀粉在偏振光下显示出较大的亮光区,而玉米淀粉则未体现出此现象,说明油莎豆淀粉在加工过程中的更强回生能力;消化结果也一致表明,与玉米淀粉对比,油莎豆淀粉表现出更高的抗消化性能,这可能是由于其分子链间更趋向于重排,并形成了更紧密的结晶结构。The gelatinization and rheological properties of Cyperus esculeutus starch were investigated by com⁃parison with corn starch,and the changes in structure,thermal property,moisture shift and digestive property of the starch caused by cyclic heat treatment was explored.The results showed that C.esculeutus starch had smaller granules and stronger swelling ability compared with corn starch,showing higher peak viscosity,set⁃back value and retrogradation value.The rheological property test indicated that the gel network structure formed by C.esculeutus starch had lower G′and G″,weaker viscoelasticity and shear resistance,but stronger fluidity.After cyclic heat treatment,the gelatinization enthalpy,IR_(1047) cm^(-1)/1022 cm^(-1),free moisture,slow⁃digest⁃ing starch and resistant starch of C.esculeutus starch were also significantly increased,and the corresponding increment was higher than those of corn starch under the same treatment conditions.Additionally,C.esculeu⁃tus starch demonstrated a large bright area under polarized light,while no such phenomenon was observed from corn starch,which suggested that the processed C.esculeutus starch had stronger retrogradation ability.The digestion results also revealed that,compared with corn starch,C.esculeutus starch had greater anti⁃diges⁃tive property,which might be due to the fact that its molecular chains tended to rearrange and form a more or⁃ganized crystalline structure.

关 键 词：油莎豆淀粉 玉米淀粉 流变特性 回生特性 消化特性 

分 类 号：TS231[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]