张载“合虚与气,有性之名”义释  

An Interpretation of Zhangzai’s Words“Combining Deficiency with Qi,Having the Name of Nature”

作　　者：王海成 WANG Hai-cheng(College of Marxism,Northwest A&F University,Xianyang Shanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学马克思主义学院,陕西咸阳712100

出　　处：《山东青年政治学院学报》2024年第3期11-16,24,共7页Journal of Shandong Youth University of Political Science

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“海外汉学中的中国哲学文献翻译与研究”(18JZD014);陕西省社会科学基金项目“《关中两朝诗文赋钞》点校”(2023GJ003)。

摘　　要：张载“合虚与气,有性之名”一语中的“合”并非语言层面的合而言之,而是合而为一;其“虚”亦不可理解为太虚,而是“天德”。“天德”即天性,“合虚与气”即天性之在人、物。“合虚与气,有性之名”意为天性必须落实于人、物方可呈现,方可以“性”名之。整体而言,“四有句”中的天、道、性、心构成了一个天人贯通的整体。The“combining”(合)in Zhang Zai’s words“combining deficiency with Qi,having the name of nature”(合虚与气,有性之名)is not to put them together,but to unite them as a combination.The“deficiency”(虚)cannot be understood as Taixu(太虚)but refers to“Tiande”(天德).The“Tiande”is nature,combining deficiency with Qi which refers to the nature of humans and things.In Zhang Zai’s ideological system,the words“combining deficiency with Qi,having the name of nature”means that the essence of nature lies in humans and things,thus having the name of nature.As a whole,heaven,way,nature,and heart in Zhangzai’s“Four Haves”sentences form the whole that connects heaven and humans.

关 键 词：张载 天地之心 天人关系 立人 

分 类 号：B244[哲学宗教—中国哲学]