数字媒介时代中国儿童文学的游戏新质  

The New Quality of Play in Chinese Children’s Literature in the Digital Media Era

作　　者：李利芳[1] 彭雨 LI Li-fang;PENG Yu(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学文学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第2期98-109,共12页Journal of Lanzhou University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“百年中国儿童文学文献资料的整理研究与数据库建设”(22&ZD275)。

摘　　要：游戏精神是儿童文学的核心审美要素,反映儿童本能心理需求。从纸媒时代到数字媒介时代,儿童文学的创作和传播形式发生巨大转向,其游戏形式与游戏场域发生根本性转换。数字图书实体能够与故事分离,成为阅读游戏的新主体,读者身体亦参与进阅读活动,作为精神游戏的阅读活动被加入实体游戏形式。非线性叙事和自由选择模式让数字图书阅读增加了建构个性化故事的游戏形式。与此同时,传统儿童文学阅读形成的“书与人”的私密阅读空间被打破,数字图书提供了群体交互空间,数字阅读表现出群体性活动特征和社交性活动转向。文本世界与现实世界的界限因数字技术变得模糊,图书元素可通过数字技术呈现于现实世界,现实世界的不确定性经由互动进入文本世界。游戏的结构特性和数字媒介表达形式、内在符号会深刻影响儿童认知和文化生成。数字儿童文学的游戏精神由“出世”的精神幻想转为“入世”的互动乐趣,表现出与数字媒介特性相符的狂欢性、主动性、社交性特征,以及由故事幻想转向世界幻想的新特质。Reflecting the instinctive psychological needs of children,the spirit of play is the core aesthetic factor of children’s literature.Having entered the digital age from the era of print media,children’s literature has had a significant shift in composition and dissemination,especially in its mode and field of play.Specifically,the digital book entity,which can be detached from the story,becomes the new subject of play reading by engaging the readers physically in the reading,and thus reading as spiritual play fuses with physical play.The non-linear narrative and free-choice mode add to the digital book reading a new mode of play to construct personalized stories.The private“book-people”reading space of conventional children’s literature reading mode has been broken as digital books provide a space for group interaction,and digital reading shifts towards a group activity as a social engagement.The boundary between the text world and the real world has become blurred due to digital technology,through which elements of books can be presented in the real world,and the uncertainty of the real world can enter the text world through interaction.The structural features of play,along with the expressive form and inherent symbol of digital media,deeply affect children’s cognition and cultural generation.The spirit of play in digital literature for children,which has changed from spiritual fantasy to practical interaction,embodies digital media’s traits of carnivalism,proactivity and sociability,as well as the new quality of shifting from storytelling fantasy to world fantasy.

关 键 词：儿童文学 数字媒介 数字儿童文学 游戏精神 游戏形式 游戏场域 

分 类 号：I206.7[文学—中国文学]