SCD1的表达调节及其调节糖脂代谢机制的研究进展  

Research progress on the expression and regulation of SCD1 and its relationship with glucose and lipid metabolism

作　　者：后瑞禛 龚凤英 Hou Ruizhen;Gong Fengying(Department of Endocrinology,Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission,the Translational Medicine Center of Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院,北京协和医院内分泌科,国家卫生健康委员会内分泌重点实验室,协和转化医学中心,北京100730

出　　处：《国际内分泌代谢杂志》2024年第2期114-118,共5页International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism

基　　金：中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2022-I2M-2-002);国家临床重点专科能力提升项目(U110000)。

摘　　要：硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶(stearoyl-CoA desaturase, SCD)是催化饱和脂肪酸向单不饱和脂肪酸转化的关键限速酶。SCD1是SCD的主要亚型, 其表达受饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、胰岛素和瘦素等因素的调节。SCD1在肝脏、脂肪组织、骨骼肌等器官、组织的糖脂代谢调节中发挥重要作用。研究发现, 抑制SCD1能显著改善肝脏、脂肪组织的糖脂代谢, 促进组织摄取、利用葡萄糖, 减少脂质沉积。与此相反, 增加骨骼肌SCD1的表达, 则显著改善骨骼肌的代谢功能、增加胰岛素敏感性。二甲双胍、传统中药红花黄色素、小檗碱以及SCD1天然抑制剂苹婆酸等均能通过抑制SCD1的表达, 发挥改善代谢的作用, SCD1抑制剂Aramchol现已进入Ⅲ/Ⅳ期临床试验。深入研究SCD1的表达调节及其与糖脂代谢的关系, 将为未来改善糖脂代谢药物的研发及临床应用提供理论依据和实验证据。Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase(SCD)is the key rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of saturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids.SCD1 is the main subtype,whose expression is regulated by saturated fatty acids,polyunsaturated fatty acids,monounsaturated fatty acids,insulin,and leptin.SCD1 plays an important role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver,adipose tissue,skeletal muscle,and other organs.It was found that inhibiting SCD1 can significantly improve glucose and lipid metabolism in liver and adipose tissue,promote tissue uptake and utilization of glucose,and reduce lipid deposition.In contrast,increasing the expression of SCD1 in skeletal muscle can significantly improve the metabolic function of skeletal muscle and increase insulin sensitivity.Metformin,traditional Chinese medicine such as safflower yellow and berberine,and the natural SCD1 inhibitor sterculic acid could improve metabolism by inhibiting the expression of SCD1.PhaseⅢ/Ⅳclinical trials on SCD1 inhibitor Aramchol are currently ongoing.Further study on the regulation of SCD1 expression and its relationship with glucolipid metabolism will provide a theoretical basis and experimental evidence for future development and clinical application of drugs to improve glucolipid metabolism.

关 键 词：硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1 糖脂代谢 饱和脂肪酸 单不饱和脂肪酸 多不饱和脂肪酸 胰岛素 瘦素 

分 类 号：R589[医药卫生—内分泌]