超声强化方式对热泵干燥莲藕品质特性的影响  

Effects of different ultrasonic enhancement methods on the quality characteristics of dried lotus root in heat pumps

作　　者：李旭好 钟靖涵 李芳[1] 刘云宏[1] LI Xuhao;ZHONG Jinghan;LI Fang;LIU Yunhong(School of Food and Bioengineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan 417000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学食品与生物工程学院,河南洛阳417000

出　　处：《食品与机械》2024年第4期27-33,89,共8页Food and Machinery

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(编号:212102110080,232102321122)。

摘　　要：目的:探明适宜的莲藕超声强化干燥方式,提高莲藕加工品质。方法:将超声(US)、直触超声(CU)、超声渗透脱水(USOD)3种超声处理方式与热泵干燥(HPD)进行串并联处理,研究US、CU和USOD对莲藕HPD过程中干燥特性、外观色泽、微观结构、质构、营养成分及抗氧化特性等指标的作用规律,并采用变异系数法对不同超声强化方式干燥的莲藕品质进行综合评价。结果:US、CU和USOD均能提升莲藕的HPD干燥速度;USOD-HPD所得到莲藕的亮度(L*)、多糖含量和羟自由基清除率最好,分别为77.98、51.68 mg/g和45.94%;US-HPD处理可较好地保留莲藕中的黄酮和维生素C含量;HPD莲藕的多酚含量和DPPH自由基清除率最高;变异系数法综合评价结果表明USOD-HPD的综合评分最高(0.422)。结论:USOD-HPD可以有效提升莲藕的干燥品质。Objective:This study aimed to explore the effect of different ultrasonic enhancement methods on the quality characteristics of dried lotus root in heat pumps.Methods:The effects of US,CU,and USOD on the drying characteristics,appearance color,microstructure,texture characteristics,nutritional quality and antioxidant characteristics of the lotus root heat pump during the drying process were investigated.Ultrasonic(US),direct contact ultrasound(CU),USOD and heat pump drying(HPD)were treated in series and parallel.The coefficient of variation method was used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of lotus root dried by different ultrasonic enhancement methods.Results:US,CU and USOD treatments had positive effects on the HPD speed of lotus roots.The brightness(L*),polysaccharide content,and hydroxyl radical scavenging rate of lotus root obtained by USOD-HPD were the best,which were 77.98,51.68 mg/g,and 45.94%,respectively.US-HPD treatment can better retain the content of flavonoids and vitamin C in lotus root.HPD lotus root had the highest polyphenol content and DPPH radical scavenging.The comprehensive evaluation results of the coefficient of variation method showed that the USOD-HPD lotus root had the best quality.Conclusion:The combined drying method of USOD-HPD can effectively improve the quality of lotus root.

关 键 词：莲藕 超声 预处理 干燥 

分 类 号：TS254.58[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]