“冯如三号”高效超长航时无人滞空平台的设计与实践  

Design and experiment of the“Feng Ru 3”highly efficient ultra-long endurance unmanned aerial vehicle

作　　者：邱玉婷 王耀坤[2] 张益铨 李淼[2] 刘绚 QIU Yuting;WANG Yaokun;ZHANG Yiquan;LI Miao;LIU Xuan(Beihang School,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学北航学院,北京100191 [2]北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《实验技术与管理》2024年第4期185-192,共8页Experimental Technology and Management

基　　金：北京航空航天大学教学改革课题:基于挑战世界记录的无人机研发项目培养创新型人才(403750);北京航空航天大学专项项目:以项目为牵引的科教融合培育领跑型本科生创新人才的探索-“冯如三号”学生科创项目(ZG211S2151);北京航空航天大学专项项目:“冯如三号”无人机学生科创项目(ZG211S2202)。

摘　　要：超长航时无人滞空平台具有成本低、连续侦察能力强等特点,是未来新型飞行器的发展方向。该“冯如三号”高效超长航时无人滞空平台设计方案由该校本科生提出,采用了超高效气动布局、轻量化高强度复合材料、高效高可靠双环动力系统驱动及持久滞空飞行控制系统,通过车载起飞方式,在执行超长航时任务能力方面取得了全方位创新性突破。“冯如三号”高效超长航时无人机刷新了国际航联认证的“25~100 kg级油动无人机续航时间”世界纪录。[Objective]Ultra-long endurance unmanned aerial vehicles are advanced aircraft with excellent sustained flight capability and have the characteristics of low-cost,long-term,large-scale,and high-density intelligence collection and monitoring tasks.Due to these advantages,the ultra-long endurance unmanned aerial vehicle has become an important direction for future air vehicles.[Methods]Undergraduates from Beihang University have proposed a scheme for a highly efficient ultra-long endurance unmanned aerial vehicle,“Feng Ru 3.”This scheme contains the ultra-high-aspect-ratio wing,low-drag drop-shaped fuselage,and high-placed empennage.These compose a highly efficient aerodynamic configuration.In addition,the flying platform structure is constructed from a novel composite material with light weight and high strength.This project has innovatively designed a dual-loop power system consisting of an inner loop electronic fuel injection system and an outer loop engine health monitoring system.The team has developed a durable loitering flight control system involving gust alleviation technology and PID parameter self-adaptation technology based on open-source flight control equipment.In addition,this project abandons the traditional takeoff and landing method of the landing gear and shows an innovative vehicle-based takeoff method.[Results]Ground testing(including wind tunnel test,structure static test,propulsion system test)and flight test(including autonomous takeoff and landing test,dolly takeoff test,and long-endurance flight test)are performed on“Feng Ru 3”.The experimental results reveal that(1)the highly efficient aerodynamic configuration vastly increases the aerodynamic efficiency,resulting in a maximum lift-to-drag ratio of~18.36.(2)The wing and tail made by ultra-light and high-strength composites can withstand a load of 4G,and their flexural changes are within an acceptable range.The stiffness of the tail support carbon tube also meets the design requirements.(3)After multiple 120-h experiments,it is pro

关 键 词：超长航时 无人机 世界纪录 本科生 

分 类 号：V221[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]