海水与淡水养殖浙东白鹅肉质营养和风味的比较  

Comparison of Meat Nutrition and Flavor of Zhejiang East White Goose in Seawater Aquaculture

作　　者：诸琼妞 ZHU Qiongniu(Xiangshan Food Inspection and Testing Center,Ningbo 315700,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省宁波市象山县食品检验检测中心,浙江宁波315700

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2024年第12期248-253,共6页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：象山县科技计划项目(2022C6005)。

摘　　要：为促进浙东白鹅产业的持续发展,以淡水养殖和海水养殖浙东白鹅为研究对象,通过测定重金属含量、游离氨基酸组成、呈味核苷酸组成和脂肪酸组成等,比较分析海水养殖对浙东白鹅肉质营养品质和风味特性的影响。结果表明,海水组鹅肉相对淡水组的水分较低,蛋白质含量较高,脂肪含量较低。海水组鹅肉中游离氨基酸含量(4576.03 mg/kg)显著高于淡水组(P<0.05),且必需氨基酸占比更高(必需氨基酸占游离氨基酸总量的46%)。谷氨酸和天冬氨酸作为主要的鲜味氨基酸,两者含量在海水组鹅肉中显著高于淡水组(P<0.05),且海水组具有更高的呈味氨基酸含量(1921.99 mg/kg)和肌苷酸含量(4745.54 mg/kg)。同时,海水组鹅肉中P/S值(0.59)显著高于淡水组(P<0.05),具有更高比例的不饱和脂肪酸和必需脂肪酸。综上,海水养殖浙东白鹅是高蛋白、低脂肪的一种优质蛋白源,其肉质营养品质和风味特性更具优势。In order to promote the sustainable development of Zhejiang East white goose industry,freshwater aquaculture and seawater aquaculture of Zhejiang East white geese were taken as research objects.The heavy metal content,free amino acid composition,flavor nucleotide composition,and fatty acid composition were determined.The effects of seawater aquaculture on meat nutritional quality and flavor characteristics of Zhejiang East white geese were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the seawater group had lower water content,higher protein content,and lower fat content compared to the freshwater group.The content of free amino acids in the seawater group(4576.03 mg/kg)was significantly higher than that in the freshwater group(P<0.05),and the proportion of essential amino acids was higher(46%of total essential amino acids/free amino acids).Glutamic acid and aspartic acid were the main fresh amino acids.Their contents in the seawater group goose were significantly higher than those in the freshwater group(P<0.05).The seawater group had higher flavor amino acid content(1921.99 mg/kg)and inosine content(4745.54 mg/kg).Meanwhile,the P/S value(0.59)of the seawater group was significantly higher than that in the freshwater group(P<0.05),indicating a higher proportion of unsaturated and essential fatty acids.Consequently,seawater aquaculture of Zhejiang East white goose is a high-quality protein source with high protein and low fat,and its meat quality and flavor characteristics are more advantageous.

关 键 词：海水养殖 浙东白鹅 营养品质 风味特性 

分 类 号：TS251.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]