基于灰狼算法的半主动悬架模糊PID控制研究  

Fuzzy PID Control of Semi-active Suspension Based on Grey Wolf Algorithm

作　　者：顾黄一 汪石农 陈德政 GU Huangyi;WANG Shinong;CHEN Dezheng(School of Electrical Engineering,Anhui Polytechnic University,Wuhu 241000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工程大学电气工程学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《安徽工程大学学报》2024年第2期24-31,共8页Journal of Anhui Polytechnic University

基　　金：安徽省高校自然科学重点基金资助项目(KJ2021A0508)。

摘　　要：为了进一步满足人们对于汽车行驶平顺性与乘坐舒适性的需求,设计了一种汽车半主动悬架的模糊PID控制器。根据悬架系统特性与专家经验选择了合适的模糊控制规则表,并且采用灰狼算法优化模糊PID控制器的量化因子和比例因子。在Matlab/Simulink环境下运用高斯白噪声法建立路面激励模型作为悬架系统的输入,通过仿真实验,与无主动控制力的被动悬架和模糊控制的半主动悬架进行对比分析。研究数据表明:采用本文提出的基于灰狼算法优化的模糊PID控制策略后,汽车悬架系统行驶平顺性的三大性能指标,即轮胎动位移、悬架动行程、车身垂直加速度相比无主动控制力的被动悬架系统分别下降了19.23%、6.09%和74.36%,而采用模糊控制策略只下降了16.89%、3.35%和61.81%。仿真数据验证了采用本文所提出的控制策略后,大幅改善了汽车的悬架性能。In order to further meet people′s demand for vehicle ride comfort and driving comfort,a fuzzy PID controller for automobile semi-active suspension is designed.According to the suspension system characteristics and expert experience,the appropriate fuzzy control rule table is selected,and the gray wolf algorithm is used to optimize the quantization factor and scale factor of the fuzzy PID controller.In the Matlab/Simulink environment,the Gauss white noise method is used to establish the road excitation model as the input of the suspension system.Through the simulation experiment,the passive suspension without active control force and the semi-active suspension with fuzzy control are compared and analyzed.The data show that after using the fuzzy PID control strategy based on grey wolf algorithm optimization,the three performance indexes of tire dynamic displacement,suspension dynamic stroke and body vertical acceleration of the vehicle suspension system are investigated.Compared with the passive suspension system without active control force,it decreased by 19.23%,6.09%and 74.36%respectively,while the fuzzy control strategy only decreased by 16.89%,3.35%and 61.81%.The simulation data verify that the suspension performance of the vehicle is greatly improved after using the proposed control strategy.

关 键 词：半主动悬架 模糊PID控制 灰狼算法 行驶平顺性 

分 类 号：U463.33[机械工程—车辆工程]