美国拔尖创新人才早期培养的学习进步评估及启示  

The Assessment and Implication of the Learning Progression in the Early Cultivation of Innovative Talents in the United States

作　　者：孙淼[1] 陈一丹 陈元骊 SUN Miao;CHEN Yidan;CHEN Yuanli(Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学,北京100048 [2]广东海洋大学,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《中国考试》2024年第6期33-44,共12页journal of China Examinations

基　　金：2022年度国家基金委公派访问学者项目(889294)。

摘　　要：拔尖创新人才的培养事关科技强国和教育强国建设。学习进步评估在拔尖创新人才早期培养中起到重要作用,美国资优教育在此方面已进行多年实践,积累了丰富经验。本文深入分析了美国基础教育阶段学生学习进步评估的三种方式:特定领域创造力的评估、基于传统课程的创新评估以及学生自我评估。这三种方式能够更加灵活、准确地评估拔尖创新人才的特长,捕捉其在学习进步中的成长特征,从而完整呈现出拔尖创新人才的成长图景,促进其创造潜能的发展。借鉴美国资优教育中的学习进步评估经验,我国拔尖创新人才早期培养应探索多元化和个性化评估方式、重视创新思维和创新人格的评估、整合多方评估资源,以构建动态、多维的拔尖创新人才培养与评估体系。The cultivation of innovative talents is intricately linked to the development of a robust scientific and technological infrastructure and a flourishing educational system,both crucial for national prosperity and rejuvenation.In this context,early assessment of the learning process in nurturing innovative talents holds paramount importance.The United States has implemented a range of practices in this realm,yielding significant insights.This paper examines the differentiated assessment practices by the U.S.,particularly focusing on three key approaches:the assessment of domain-specific creativity,curriculum-based innovative assessment,and student self-assessment.These methods enable a more flexible and accurate measurement of the talents and abilities of gifted students,capturing their subtle growth,thus providing a more comprehensive view of their development.Such practices can promote the realization of their creative potential.The differentiated assessment practices in the United States gifted education provide the following insights for China's efforts in fostering innovative talents:exploring diverse and personalized assessment methods to establish a dynamic evaluation system,prioritizing assessments of innovative thinking and personality to create a multifaceted evaluation framework,and integrating resources from various stakeholders to bolster talent cultivation support structures.

关 键 词：拔尖创新人才 学习进步评估 教育评价 美国资优教育 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]