基于多源数据的兰州医疗机构空间布局研究  

On Spatial Layout of Medical Institutions in Lanzhou Based on Multi-source Data

作　　者：李鸿飞[1,2] 张丽霞 杨芷琼 LI Hongfei;ZHANG Lixia;YANG Zhiqiong(Faculty of Design and Art,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730030,Gansu,China;Key Laboratory of Urban and Architectural Heritage Conservation of Ministry of Education,Southeast University,Lanzhou 730030,Gansu,China;Faculty of Design and Architecture,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学设计艺术学院,甘肃兰州730030 [2]东南大学城市与建筑遗产保护教育部重点实验室(西北中心),甘肃兰州730030 [3]浙江工业大学设计与建筑学院,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《国土资源科技管理》2024年第3期63-79,共17页Scientific and Technological Management of Land and Resources

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR10RA167);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(DC2020292);兰州理工大学高等教育研究项目(GJ2022B-39)。

摘　　要：为准确判断兰州市医疗服务现状,依据人口集中度、医疗设施分布等因素,选取城关区、七里河区、安宁区、西固区4个中心城区部分街道的医疗机构为研究对象。通过收集地理信息与官方统计等多源数据,并将其分为三个层级,再借助ArcGIS软件分析方法将POI数据生成各层级医疗机构空间分布图、核密度分析图与缓冲区分析图等,分析医疗机构的聚集程度,并形成第一、二、三层级医疗机构800 m、1500 m与3000 m的服务范围覆盖率以及服务范围等级图。结果表明:(1)兰州市整体医疗资源配置空间分布不均衡。空间聚集程度上,东部明显高于西部,以城关片区为中心向周围逐渐降低。(2)从缓冲区分析图中可以发现,第一层级医疗机构主要集中在城市快速发展的区域,地区性特点突出,第二、三层级则随机分布。覆盖率上,城关片区与西固片区覆盖率更高,且第一层级医疗机构数量最多,空间分异大,第二、三层级数量少,分布相对均匀。(3)兰州市整体医疗服务水平不高。服务范围等级上,城关片区与七里河片区的医疗机构设施全面,分布较广,安宁片区与西固片区严重缺乏第二、三层级资源。建议从尊重城市规划发展要求基础上完善医疗机构的空间配置,完善分级诊疗制度,科学预测年就诊量,加强建设各等级医院的分工协作体系,以及加强韧性城市建设,增加就医需求多样化服务三方面,合理优化医疗资源的空间布局。In order to accurately assess the situation of medical services in Lanzhou City,the to accurately assess the current situation of medical service facilities in the four central urban areas of Chengguan,Qilihe,Anning and Xigu Districts were selected for the study.Through the collection of data from geographic information and official statistics,which was divided into three tiers,and then,with the help of ArcGIS software to analyze POI data and generate the spatial distribution map,nuclear density analysis map and buffer zone analysis map of medical institutions in each tier,this paper was aimed to analyze the aggregation degree of health care institutions,and to get coverage rates of medical services covering 800 m,1500 m,and 3000 m in the first,second and third tire respectively and corresponding grade maps.The results indicated that:(1)The spatial distribution of the overall medical resources allocation of service facilities in Lanzhou City was uneven.There was a significantly higher aggregation in the eastern part compared to the western part,gradually decreasing around Chengguan District as the center.(2)From the buffer zone analysis map,medical service facilities in the first tier were mainly concentrated on rapidly developing areas of the city,with prominent regional characteristics,while the second and third tiers were randomly distributed.In terms of the coverage rate,it was higher in Chengguan and Xigu Districts,and the first tier had the largest number of medical facilities with large spatial differentiation,while the second and third tiers had fewer numbers and the medical facilities in the two tires were relatively evenly distributed.(3)The overall level of medical service facilities in Lanzhou City was not high.In terms of the level of service scope,Chengguan District and Qilihe District had comprehensive facilities with wider distribution,while An’ning District and Xigu District seriously lacked medical resources of the second and third tiers.Therefore,it was proposed that the spatial configuration

关 键 词：GIS 兰州市 医疗机构 多源数据 空间布局 

分 类 号：R-1[医药卫生]