履带浮筒式挖藕机滑橇支承装置设计与试验  

Design and test of the skateboard support device for crawler float-type lotus root excavator

作　　者：王洪昌 陈龙 李正博 唐楠锐 刘婉茹 裴蕾 丁凯权 黄海东[1,2] 张国忠 WANG Hongchang;CHEN Long;LI Zhengbo;TANG Nanrui;LIU Wanru;PEI Lei;DING Kaiquan;HUANG Haidong;ZHANG Guozhong(College of Engineering,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-lower Yangtze River,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学工学院,武汉430070 [2]农业农村部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2024年第10期44-54,共11页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系专项资助项目(CARS-24-D-02);湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(T201934)。

摘　　要：针对履带挖藕机行驶阻力大和下陷深的问题,该研究设计了一种滑橇支承装置,该装置安装于底盘两侧,由液压驱动其上下运动调节所在位置,可辅助支撑底盘,从而降低履带接地压力和下陷深度以改善通过性。为明确增加滑橇支承装置后底盘行驶性能的变化,以履带浮筒式挖藕机底盘为对象,建立底盘行驶阻力和牵引力模型,对土壤与滑橇前端破土面间的挤压受力进行理论分析。以前进阻力为指标,建立原尺寸三分之一的滑撬比例模型,利用EDEM软件开展单因素仿真试验,获得滑切角、斜切角、行进速度和下陷深度对前进阻力的影响规律。以滑切角、斜切角、行进速度为影响因素开展Box-Behnken中心组合试验,结果表明,滑切角40°、斜切角70°、行进速度0.1 m/s时前进阻力最小,仿真模拟与台架试验结果分别为66.09和82.28 N。开展采用滑撬支承装置前后的履带浮筒式挖藕机田间行驶性能对比试验,结果显示,采用滑撬支承装置前后行驶马达阻力矩降低6.51%,底盘下陷深度降低7.64%,整机通过性得到提高。研究结果可为水田地面机器系统行走装置设计及其工作机理研究提供参考。The lotus root is one of the most popular food products in the stem of the lotus plant in Asia areas.Mechanical excavators of lotus roots can be expected to save the cost and labor intensity.However,the existing track float self-propelled excavator cannot fully meet the large-scale production,due to the large overall weight.There are also some difficulties in climbing,turning,and slipping vehicles in the field.In this study,the skid support device was designed to treat the high driving resistance and excess sinking of the crawler float-type excavator of lotus root.The device was installed on both sides of the chassis and hydraulically driven up and down to adjust the position.The gravity of the whole machine was supported to reduce the grounding pressure and sinking depth of the crawler.The passability was also improved as well.The driving performance of the crawler float-type excavator chassis was evaluated after the skid support device was added.The chassis of the crawler float-type excavator was taken as the research object.A new model was also established for the driving resistance and tractive force of the chassis.Theoretical analysis was conducted on the extrusion force between the soil and the ground surface at the front of the skid.The sliding-cutting angleαand milter angle φ were determined to be the main structural parameters of the driving resistance.A skid scale model was constructed for the one-third of original size.The single-factor simulation was carried out using the driving speed and sinking depth in EDEM software.A systematic investigation was made on the influence of sliding-cutting angleα,milter angle φ,driving speed v and sinking depth on the forward resistance.The results showed that the forward resistance decreased with the increase of slip angle α,and milter angle φ,whereas,there was an increase with the increase of driving speed v,and sinking depth.The box-Behnken test was also carried out to explore the influence of slipcutting angle,milter angle and forward speed on forward resis

关 键 词：底盘 阻力 滑橇 莲藕 挖藕机 通过性 

分 类 号：S225.92[农业科学—农业机械化工程]