抗黄曲霉侵染与产毒的花生品种筛选  

Screening of Peanut Varieties Resistant to Aspergillus flavus Infection and Toxicity

作　　者：沈文凤 王明清[1] 于丽娜[1] 宋昱 高远 迟晓元[1] 杨珍[1] 江晨[1] 毕洁[1] 王希平 SHEN Wen-feng;WANG Ming-qing;YU Li-na;SONG Yu;GAO Yuan;CHI Xiao-yuan;YANG Zhen;JIANG Chen;BI Jie;WANG Xi-ping(Shandong Peanut Research Institute,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省花生研究所,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《花生学报》2024年第2期77-82,90,共7页Journal of Peanut Science

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2021MC049);山东省重点研发计划(2023TZXD074,2022TZXD0031);山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程(CXGC2023A39);科技特派员科技服务乡村振兴典型案例(新技术新品种、新模式)推广应用(2022DXAL0102);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13)。

摘　　要：花生是我国重要的经济作物和油料作物,易被黄曲霉侵染。黄曲霉产生的黄曲霉毒素具有强毒性和强致癌性,严重威胁花生食品安全和人体健康,不利于花生产业健康发展。为了筛选抗黄曲霉侵染与产毒的花生品种,本研究采用孢子菌悬液侵染法,以37个花生品种的籽仁为试验材料,利用黄曲霉侵染指数和黄曲霉毒素B_(1)(AFB_(1))含量分析比较各品种的抗侵染性。结果显示,37个花生品种籽仁的黄曲霉侵染指数分布范围为11.00%~80.33%,筛选出中抗黄曲霉侵染品种13个,中感黄曲霉侵染品种19个,感黄曲霉侵染品种4个和高感黄曲霉侵染品种1个,未筛选出高抗品种。AFB_(1)检测结果表明,黄曲霉毒素B_(1)含量最低的3个花生品种为花育23号、花育616和花育9121。相关性分析结果表明黄曲霉侵染指数与AFB_(1)含量呈显著正相关。Peanut is an important cash crop and oil crop in China,and it can be easily infected by Aspergillus flavus.Aflatoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus has strong toxicity and carcinogenicity,which seriously threatens peanut safety and human health,and prevents the rapid development of peanut industry.In order to screen the peanut varieties resistant to Aspergillus flavus infection and toxin production,the spore suspension infection method was used to study the peanut kernel of 37 peanut varieties,and the Aspergillus flavus infection index and the determination of aflatoxin B_1(AFB_1)content were used to analyze and compare the infection resistance of each variety.The results showed that the Aspergillus flavus infection index of 37 varieties of peanut kernel ranged from 11.00%to 80.33%.13 varieties with moderate aspergillus resistance,19 varieties with moderate aspergillus susceptible,4 varieties with aspergillus susceptible and 1 variety with highly aspergillus susceptible were screened out,and no variety with high resistance were found.The results of AFB_1 detection showed that the 3 peanut varieties with the lowest content were Huayu23,Huayu616 and Huayu9121.The correlation analysis showed that Aspergillus flavus infection index of different peanut varieties was positively correlated with AFB_1 content.

关 键 词：花生 品种筛选 黄曲霉 黄曲霉毒素 侵染抗性 

分 类 号：S565.203.7[农业科学—作物学] S435.652