蜜环菌人工菌棒基质碳氮比对乌天麻产量及营养品质的影响  

Effects of Armillaria artificial stick substrate formula C:N on the yield and nutritional quality of Gastrodia elata

作　　者：王丽[1] 杨天梅[1] 石瑶[1] 左应梅[1] 杨美权[1] 张金渝[1] WANG Li;YANG Tian-Mei;SHI Yao;ZUO Ying-Mei;YANG MEI-Quan;ZHANG Jin-Yu(Institute of Medicinal Plants,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所,昆明650000

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2024年第8期50-57,共8页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960391);云南省科技人才与平台计划项目(202205AD160025)。

摘　　要：目的分析蜜环菌人工菌棒基质碳氮比对乌天麻产量及基本营养成分含量的影响,并对乌天麻氨基酸品质进行评价。方法通过大棚内随机区组实验,测定不同种植模式下乌天麻的基本营养成分含量,对其进行单因素方差分析和多重比较,通过氨基酸评分法对乌天麻中氨基酸营养价值进行评价。结果蜜环菌人工菌棒基质碳氮比对乌天麻的产量、基本营养成分含量及氨基酸的营养品质均有显著影响;蜜环菌人工菌棒基质碳氮比为75.94时种植的乌天麻,其各项营养指标接近对照种植的乌天麻的各项营养指标,显著大于蜜环菌人工菌棒基质碳氮比为60.69、126.39时种植的乌天麻的各项营养指标。蜜环菌人工菌棒基质碳氮比为75.94时种植的乌天麻,其必需氨基酸含量与总氨基酸含量的比值为37.03%,接近40%;必需氨基酸含量与非必需氨基酸含量的比值为58.79%,接近60%;必需氨基酸的氨基酸比值、必需氨基酸的比值系数分、必需氨基酸比值系数与联合国粮食及农业组织/世界卫生组织提出的氨基酸理想模式较接近。结论利用蜜环菌人工菌棒种植乌天麻可以获得基本营养成分含量高、氨基酸丰富、必需氨基酸的组成比例相对合理、符合人体吸收利用需求、具有较高营养价值的乌天麻。Objective To analyze the effects of Armillaria artificial stick substrate formula C:N on the yield and the content of basic nutrients of Gastrodia elata,evaluate the amino acid quality of Gastrodia elata.Methods The content of basic nutritional components of Gastrodia elata under different planting patterns was determined by random block experiment in greenhouse.One-way variance analysis and multiple comparison about these essential nutrients were performed.The nutritional value of amino acids of Gastrodia elata was also evaluated by amino acid score.Results The ration of carbon to nitrogen in the substrate formula of Armillaria artificial stick had significant effects on the yield,the content of essential nutrients and the nutritional quality of amino acids of Gastrodia elata planted with Armillaria artificial stick.The nutritional indexes of Gastrodia elata planted with the C:N ratio of 75.94 in the substrate formula of Armillaria artificial stick were similar to those nutritional indexes of Gastrodia elata planted with traditional wood,and significantly higher than those nutritional indexes of Gastrodia elata planted with the C:N ratio of 60.69 and 126.39 in the substrate formula of Armillaria artificial stick.When Gastrodia elata was planted by the substrate formula C:N ratio of 75.94 of Armillaria artificial stick,the ratio of essential amino acid content to total amino acid was 37.03% close to 40%,the ratio of essential amino acids to non-essential amino acids was 58.79% close to 60%,the amino acid score of essential amino acid,the ratio coefficient of essential amino acid and the score of ratio coefficient of essential amino acid were close to the ideal model of amino acids proposed by the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization.Conclusion Gastrodia elata with high content of basic nutrients,rich amino acids,relatively reasonable composition ratio of essential amino acids and balanced nutritional value,meeting the needs of human absorption and utilization can be obtained by using Armill

关 键 词：乌天麻 蜜环菌人工菌棒 基本营养成分含量 氨基酸 营养评价 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]