共轴刚性旋翼气动及噪声特性的参数影响分析  

Parameter effects analysis on aerodynamic and aeroacoustic characteristics ofcoaxial rigid rotor

作　　者：刘琦[1] 史勇杰[1] 胡志远[1] 徐国华[1] LIU Qi;SHI Yongjie;HU Zhiyuan;XU Guohua(National Key Laboratory of Helicopter Aeromechanics,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学直升机动力学全国重点实验室,南京210016

出　　处：《航空学报》2024年第9期106-120,共15页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11972190)。

摘　　要：共轴刚性旋翼直升机是未来高速直升机发展的重要方向之一。研究了其前飞时旋翼桨-涡干扰(BVI)流场及气动噪声特性,探究了参数变化对其气动和噪声特性的影响规律。为精细捕捉旋翼尾迹流场,提出了一套高精度的共轴刚性旋翼直升机流场计算方法,该方法基于雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程为控制方程,并用五阶WENO-Z格式重构空间变量,以运动嵌套网格系统模拟旋翼桨叶运动。同时,使用了基于Farassat 1A公式的旋翼噪声计算方法,对旋翼桨-涡干扰噪声具有较高捕捉精度。应用所建立的方法,分别对孤立单旋翼、无机身共轴旋翼和有机身共轴旋翼流场进行计算对比,研究了该构型旋翼自身桨-涡干扰、旋翼间干扰和机身干扰对共轴刚性旋翼气动及噪声特性的影响。然后还计算分析了不同几何参数对共轴刚性旋翼气动及噪声特性的影响,得出了一些新的结论。The coaxial rigid rotor helicopter is an essential direction for the development of high-speed helicopters in the future.This paper studies the flow field of Blade-Vortex Interaction(Bvi)and aeroacoustics characteristics of the coaxial rigid rotor helicopter during forward flight and explores the influence of parameter variations on its aerodynamic and aeroacoustics characteristics.To capture the rotor wake flow field accurately,a high-precision calculation method for the flow field of a coaxial rigid rotor helicopter is proposed.The method employs the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)equation as the governing equation,adopts the fifth-order WENO-Z scheme to reconstruct the state variables,and simulates the motion of rotor blades using a moving overset grid system.Furthermore,a rotor noise calculation method based on Farassat 1A formula,which has high precision in capturing rotor BVl noise,is also uti-lized.By using those methods,the flow field of single isolated rotor,coaxial rotor without fuselage and coaxial rotor with fuselage are calculated and compared,and the effects of rotor self-BVls,interference between rotors,and fuse-lage interference on the aerodynamic and aeroacoustics characteristics of the coaxial rigid rotor are studied.Addition-ally,the influence of different geometric parameters on the aerodynamic and aeroacoustics characteristics of the co-axial rigid rotor are calculated and analyzed,and new conclusions are obtained.

关 键 词：直升机 共轴刚性旋翼 气动噪声 桨-涡干扰 桨尖形状 计算流体力学(CFD) 

分 类 号：V211.52[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]