压气机叶片的磨削路径生成算法  

Grinding Path Generation Algorithm for Aeroengine Compressor Blades

作　　者：夏桂书[1] 李锦 邓春艳 魏永超[1] 朱姿翰 XIA Gui-shu;LI Jin;DENG Chun-yan;WEI Yong-chao;ZHU Zi-han(Institute of Electronic and Electrical Engineering,Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan Sichuan 618307,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空飞行学院航空电子电气学院,四川广汉618307

出　　处：《航空发动机》2024年第3期154-159,共6页Aeroengine

基　　金：四川省科技厅重点研发基金(2022YFG0356);西藏科技厅重点研发基金(XZ202101ZY0017G);中国民用航空飞行学院科研基金(J2020-040,CJ2020-01)资助。

摘　　要：针对当前航空发动机压气机叶片的打磨过程繁琐且路径生成算法普遍未适配压气机叶片的几何形貌和加工姿态等问题,提出一种基于压气机叶片的点云数据并自适应压气机叶片的加工姿态和形貌的磨削路径生成算法。以面结构光扫描获取叶片的3维点云信息,对叶片点云进行位姿矫正并在叶片待加工区域创建一系列间距适宜且相互平行的切平面进行切片处理,获取切片数据后计算切平面与叶片点云的交点,拟合所有切片所得交点并计算磨削抛光路径的路径点及刀具姿态。结果表明:通过计算对不同姿态下不同压气机叶片的路径信息进行了仿真,验证了所提出的算法具有自适应压气机叶片加工姿态和形貌的特性,避开了传统逆向工程中的曲面重构误差,证明了算法的可行性与有效性,可进一步应用于后续实际磨削抛光加工作业。Aiming at the cumbersome grinding process of the current aeroengine compressor blades and the fact that the path genera⁃tion algorithm is generally not adapted to the geometrical shape and processing posture of the compressor blades,a new grinding path generation algorithm based on the point cloud data of compressor blades and adaptive to the geometrical shape and processing posture of the compressor blades was proposed.First,obtain the 3D point cloud of the blade by scanning the surface structured light and perform posture correction,then create a series of appropriately spaced parallel slicing planes in the area of the blade to be machined,and derive the intersection points between the slicing planes and the point cloud.finally,fit all the intersection points obtained from slicing,and calculate the path points and cutter orientation of the grinding and polishing path.The results show that by calculating and simulating the path information of different compressor blades under different postures,it is verified that the proposed algorithm has the characteristics of adapting to the processing posture and shape of the compressor blades,and the surface reconstruction errors in traditional reverse engineer⁃ing can be avoided,which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.It can be further applied to subsequent actual grinding and polishing operations.

关 键 词：压气机叶片 点云 磨削 抛光路径 自适应性 偏差分析 航空发动机 

分 类 号：V232.4[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]