溯因分析:扎根理论的方法论拓展  

Abductive Analysis:A Methodological Expansion of Grounded Theory

作　　者：谢心怡 蔺亚琼[1] XIE Xin-yi;LIN Ya-qiong(School of Education,Huazhong University of Science&Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学教育科学研究院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2023年第12期68-78,共11页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2021WKYXQN032);华中科技大学“双一流”建设基金“智库建设与社会服务能力提升”项目。

摘　　要：扎根理论是当前高等教育学界广为流行的质性研究方法,其方法论核心是遵循归纳逻辑生成中层理论。但在理论建构过程中,扎根理论注重归纳逻辑,而相对忽视了溯因逻辑。溯因逻辑是对社会现象何以发生提出解释性假设的逻辑形式,有助于研究人员跳出眼前经验,建立社会、文化等结构性因素与社会现象的因果关系及因果机制。溯因分析是在溯因逻辑基础上发展出的质性研究方法,在处理经验材料时,这种方法首先运用溯因逻辑提出解释性假设,进而综合运用演绎逻辑与归纳逻辑检验假设。溯因分析是扎根理论的方法论拓展,在理论建构中有其独特价值。Grounded theory is a popular qualitative research method in higher education,and the core of its methodology is to follow the induction to generate middle-range theory.In the process of theory construction,grounded theory lays emphasis on induction and relatively neglects abduction.Abduction is a form of logic that makes explanatory hypotheses about why social phenomena occur,which helps researchers to step out of immediate experience and establish the causal links and mechanisms between social,cultural and other structural factors and social phenomena,laying the foundation for the generation of theory.Abductive analysis is a qualitative research method developed on the basis of abduction.When dealing with empirical material,it first uses abduction to formulate explanatory hypotheses and then tests the hypotheses using a combination of deduction and induction.Abductive analysis is a methodological extension of grounded theory and has unique value in the theoretical construction.

关 键 词：溯因逻辑 溯因分析 质性研究 扎根理论 

分 类 号：G40-034[文化科学—教育学原理]