不同品种黄皮果实营养成分及加工特性评价  

Evaluation of Nutrient Composition and Processing Characteristics of Different Varieties of Wampee

作　　者：钟思彦 邹波 林锦波[4] 傅曼琴 吴继军[3] 余元善[2,3] 陈晓维 徐玉娟[2,3] ZHONG Siyan;ZOU Bo;LIN Jinbo;FU Manqin;WU Jijun;YU Yuanshan;CHEN Xiaowei;XU Yujuan(College of Food Science and Technology,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524000,China;Heyuan Branch,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture,Heyuan 517000,China;Sericultural&Agri-Food Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Functional Foods,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing,Guangzhou 510610,China;Yu Nan County Fu Ying Tian Tian Quan Ecological Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,Yunfu 527199,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学食品科技学院,广东湛江524000 [2]岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室河源分中心,广东河源517000 [3]广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所,农业农村部功能食品重点实验室,广东省农产品加工重点实验室,广东广州510610 [4]郁南县富赢田田圈生态农业有限公司,广东云浮527199

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2024年第14期253-263,共11页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室河源分中心自主科研项目(DT20220004);“十四五”广东省农业科技创新十大主攻方向“揭榜挂帅”项目(2023SDZG04);广东省现代农业产业技术体系优稀水果创新团队项目(2023KJ116);云浮市科技计划项目(S2021020104);广东省农业科学院学科团队建设项目(202109TD);广东省农业科学院人才培养项目(R2022PY-QY009,R2022PY-QF004);云浮市郁南县无核黄皮产业园加工科技支撑项目。

摘　　要：为研究不同品种黄皮果实综合品质的差异及加工特性,以七种黄皮为研究对象,分析了果实的物理性状、化学组成和抗氧化能力,并采用主成分分析法和聚类分析法对七种黄皮(‘冰糖黄皮’‘鸡心黄皮’‘金黄皮’‘贵妃3号’‘白蜜黄皮’‘华南1号’‘无核黄皮’)进行加工特性评价和归类。结果表明:七种黄皮的出浆率、可溶性糖和有机酸含量分别介于50.51%~60.71%、18.93~48.91 mg/g和8.13~14.00 mg/g,其中,‘冰糖黄皮’出浆率最高,‘白蜜黄皮’可溶性糖含量最高,‘鸡心黄皮’有机酸含量最高;果皮总酚、果肉总酚、果皮总黄酮和果肉总黄酮含量分别介于2446.4~4045.5 mg/kg DW、763.7~118.2 mg/kg、234.1~678.7 mg/kg DW和96.8~143.4 mg/kg,其中‘贵妃3号’果皮果肉的总酚和总黄酮含量最高,抗氧化能力最强(铁离子还原能力(Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power,FRAP)、DPPH自由基清除能力)。采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱仪鉴定出黄皮中9种酚类化合物,其中芦丁含量最高。将黄皮营养及加工特性的25个指标进行主成分分析,结果表明,黄皮的品质可以用4个主成分表达(累计贡献率达到87.51%),其中‘贵妃3号’综合评价得分最高,‘冰糖黄皮’得分最低。聚类分析结果与主成分分析结果基本一致。整体而言,‘贵妃3号’和‘无核黄皮’的总酚、总黄酮含量最高,抗氧化能力最强,但是可溶性糖含量比较少,适合功能成分提取;‘冰糖黄皮’和‘白蜜黄皮’可溶性糖含量高,有机酸含量少,口味酸甜适中,适合鲜食;‘金黄皮’‘华南1号’和‘鸡心黄皮’有机酸含量高,更适合加工成食品配料。In order to study the differences in the comprehensive quality and processing characteristics of different varieties of wampee(Clausena lansium(Lour.)Skeels),seven kinds of wampee('Bingtanghuangpi''Jixinhuangpi''Jinhuangpi''Guifeisanhao''Baimihuangpi''Huananyihao''Wuhehuangpi')were taken as the research objects,the physical property,chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of the fruits were analyzed,and the processing characteristics of the seven kinds of wampee were evaluated and categorized using principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that the pulping rate,soluble sugar and organic acid content of seven kinds of wampee ranged from 50.51%to 60.71%,18.93 to 48.91 mg/g and 8.13 to 14.00 mg/g.Respectively,the'Bingtanghuangpi'had the highest pulping rate,the'Baimihuangpi'had the highest soluble sugar content,the'Jixinhuangpi'had the highest organic acid content.The total phenol content of pericarp,total phenol content of fruit pulp,total flavonoid content of pericarp and total flavonoid content of fruit pulp ranged from 2446.4 to 4045.5 mg/kg DW,763.7 to 118.2 mg/kg,234.1 to 678.7 mg/kg DW,and 96.8 to 143.4 mg/kg.Respectively,the'Guifeisanhao'had the highest total phenolic and total flavonoid content,and the strongest antioxidant capacity(ferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP),DPPH radical scavenging capacity).Nine phenolic compounds in wampee were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS),and rutin was the main phenolic compound.The results of principal component analysis showed that 25 indicators reflecting the quality of different varieties of wampee,that can be expressed by four principal components(the cumulative contribution rate reached 87.51%),of which'Guifeisanhao'scored the highest in the comprehensive evaluation of principal component analysis,and'Bingtanghuangpi'scored the lowest.The results of cluster analysis were basically consistent with the results of principal component analysis.Overall,'Guifeisanhao'and'Wuhehuang

关 键 词：黄皮 果实品质 抗氧化 主成分分析(PCA) 聚类分析 

分 类 号：TS255.7[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]