马华文学的困境与黄锦树《雨》的隐喻书写  

The Predicament of Malaysian Chinese Literature and the Metaphorical Writing of Ng Kim Chew’s Hujan

作　　者：黄雨耕 HUANG Yu-geng(Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences,Universiti Malaya,Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia,50603)

机构地区：[1][马来西亚]马来亚大学艺术与社会科学学院,吉隆坡50603

出　　处：《韩山师范学院学报》2024年第4期80-86,共7页Journal of Hanshan Normal University

摘　　要：马来西亚华语文学作为华语文学的一支旁系,常年生存在主流华语文学体系之外,处于一种尴尬的失语状态。随着马来西亚民族国家意识的发展,华人在政治、经济、文化上受到打压,马华文学如何能够存续,该以怎样的方式存续,成为了一个无法绕开的巨大困境。其中,黄锦树作为马华旅台作家中的代表,正试图借助小说探讨华人及其文学相关的议题。《雨》是黄锦树近年新作,其善于利用后设、游戏和拼贴等后现代小说技巧,轮回上演的文本结构充满中国性的文字游戏,对马华文学的困境做出自己的书写。黄锦树通过《雨》中的十八篇内容各异短篇小说,为读者描绘出一副奇异的南洋景观图,文本中胶林与大雨的本土性环境描写,蕴含着对故乡的回忆;生殖与繁衍的主题,折射出马华文学的生存焦虑;失踪与死亡的描述,体现马华文学的“失语”。可以看出,黄锦树通过现代的笔法,借外部结构和内容上的象征与寓言,隐喻出马华文学的困境。Malaysian Chinese literature,as a branch of Chinese literature,has always existed out-side the mainstream Chinese literature system and is in an awkward state of aphasia.With the devel-opment of the nation-state consciousness in Malaysia,the Chinese are suppressed everywhere in poli-tics,economy and culture.How can Malaysian Chinese literature survive and in what way should it survive has become a huge predicament that cannot be avoided.Ng Kim Chew,as a representative of the writers of the Malaysian Chinese literature living in Taiwan,has written Hujan,a new novel in recent years.He is good at using postmodern novel techniques such as metafiction,games and collag-es,and his recurrent text structure is full of Chinese wordplay,making his own writing about the pre-dicament of Malaysian Chinese literature.Through the eighteen short stories with different contents in Hujan,Ng Kim Chew paints a strange picture of the South Ocean landscape for readers.In the text,the depiction of the local environment of gum forest and heavy rain implies memories of the home-town;the theme of reproduction and fecundity reflects the existential anxiety of Malaysian Chinese lit-erature;and the depiction of disappearance and death embodies the“loss of words”of Malaysian Chi-nese literature.It can be seen that Ng Kim Chew metaphorically conveys the predicament of Malay-sian Chinese literature through the use of symbols and allegories in external structure and content through modern writing techniques.

关 键 词：马华文学 困境 黄锦树 《雨》 隐喻 文体结构 文本内涵 

分 类 号：I109[文学—世界文学]