植物SWEET基因及其糖转运功能研究进展  

SWEET genes responsible for sugar transport in plant:A review

作　　者：王鸿梅 张召聪 刘坤[1] 薛芳 韩洁 赵慧[1] 陈四龙 WANG Hongmei;ZHANG Zhaocong;LIU Kun;XUE Fang;HAN Jie;ZHAO Hui;CHEN Silong(School of Food Science and Biology,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050018,China;Hebei University of Science and Technology Library,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050018,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学食品与生物学院,河北石家庄050018 [2]河北科技大学图书馆,河北石家庄050018

出　　处：《河北科技大学学报》2024年第4期406-414,共9页Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32272097);河北省重点研发计划项目(21326332D)。

摘　　要：SWEET(sugars will eventually be exported transporter)是一类介导蔗糖或己糖通过顺浓度梯度被动扩散跨细胞膜转运的新型糖转运蛋白。植物SWEET蛋白包括7个跨膜结构域,其中包含2个MtN3/Saliva结构域,可分为4个进化分支。SWEET转运蛋白在多种生理和生化过程中发挥着关键作用,包括韧皮部装载、激素运输、营养和生殖生长等。结合当前SWEET转运蛋白的研究进展,重点总结了SWEET的发现、蛋白结构及其在糖转运中的生物学功能,指出目前植物SWEET基因研究面临的问题,并对未来SWEET蛋白的研究重点进行了展望:1)探究SWEET蛋白的底物识别机制;2)挖掘提高作物产量和品质的关键SWEET基因;3)利用SWEET基因编辑和磷酸化等策略改良作物产量和品质。Sugars will eventually be exported transporter(SWEET)is a novel class of sugars transporter families which mainly mediate either sucrose or hexose translocation bidirectional across the cellular membranesfollowinga concentrating gradient with a passive diffusion patten.In higher plants,SWEET proteins commonly have seven transmembrane domains that form a pore in the membrane to allow the passage of sugars,containing two MtN3/Saliva domains.Phylogenetically,plant SWEETs are divided into four clades.SWEET transporters play important roles in diverse physiological and biochemical processes including phloem loading,plant hormone transportand vegetative growth.In this review,based on the current advance of the plant SWEET transporters,we summarized their discovery,structure characteristicsand biological functions,and pointed out current research problems.Finally,put forward several better future research directions and potential solutions for SWEET sugar transporters in plant from the following three aspects:1)exploring the molecular mechanism of substrate recognition and selectivity of SWEET proteins;2)mining and utilizing of key SWEET genes increasing crop yield and improving quality;3)using gene editing technology and phosphorylation of SWEET transporters to engineer high-yielding and high-quality crops.

关 键 词：基因工程 糖转运 SWEET 蛋白结构 生物学功能 

分 类 号：Q812[生物学—生物工程]