近代“身体”观念的转变与医学进步  

The Change of Modern"Body"Concept and Medical Progress

作　　者：许晓东 XU Xiaodong(Department of Philosophy,Fujian Provincial Party School of the Communist Party of China,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]中共福建省委党校哲学教研部,福建福州350108

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2024年第13期17-20,29,共5页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2023年国家社会科学基金重大项目(23VJXT005)。

摘　　要：近代医学进步的主要目标在于实现疾病的可治疗、可预防、可共存。身体作为人的生理组织,其观念经历了三个转变并催生了三次医学进步。其一,以机械论范式为主导的思想认为“人是机械”,身体形同机械构造,催生了临床医学进步,并部分实现了疾病可治疗的目标;其二,以系统论范式为主导的思想认为人的身体是一个有机统一的整体,微生物、细胞等共同维持身体的平衡,催生了预防医学进步,并部分实现疾病可预防的目标;其三,以现象学范式为主导的思想认为身体与世界具有关联性,催生了身体医学进步,并部分实现疾病与健康的共存状态。The main goal of the modern medical revolution is to achieve treatability,preventability,and coexistence of diseases.The body,as a human physiological entity,has undergone three significant transformations in its concept,each spurring a corresponding medical advancement.Firstly,the mechanism views the body as a machine,which has spawned a revolution in therapeutic medicine and partially achieved the goal of treatability.Secondly,the thought led by holism believes that the human body is an integrated whole.Microorganisms and cells maintain the balance of the body together,drove progress in preventive medicine revolution and partially realized the goal of preventability.Thirdly,the phenomenological paradigm,which recognizes the body's interconnectedness with the world,inspired advances in body medicine and partially achieved the coexistence of disease and health.

关 键 词：身体观念 医学进步 机械论 系统论 现象学 

分 类 号：R-02[医药卫生]