晚清汉英、英汉双语词典对中国地理知识的译介与认知  

Chinese Geography Knowledge Translated and Constructed by Bilingual Dictionaries in the Late Qing Dynasty

作　　者：王晓霞 WANG Xiaoxia

机构地区：[1]天津大学马克思主义学院,天津300350

出　　处：《济南大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期51-59,182,共10页Journal of University of Jinan:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“晚清的双语词典(汉英、英汉)与中国文化的对外传播研究”(项目编号:19BZS061)。

摘　　要：晚清汉英、英汉双语词典译介了以名山大川为坐标的古代自然地理知识和以“清代疆域”为重点的中国行政区域知识。这些知识来源丰富,主要有词典之间的互鉴、以中国为研究对象的杂志和著作、词典编纂者对中国的实地考察和体验以及中国地理文献的阅读。在译介的过程中,双语词典引入了近代地理学知识和国家概念,对中国古代自然地理知识有相对客观的评价,但隐含着基督教等级制的世界地理观,更有现实利益的关照,服务于西方的殖民侵略,不自觉地成为侵略者的“知识助手”。而这是双语词典编纂者“身份”、知识结构、传教的现实需要等相互联动的结果,更有着近代西方世界地理知识重塑和殖民主义侵略的背景。In the late Qing Dynasty,Chinese-English and English-Chinese bilingual dictionaries translated ancient natural geography knowledge,particularly focusing on renowned mountains,rivers,and administrative regions within the Qing Dynasty's domain.This knowledge drew from various sources,including cross-referencing between dictionaries,periodicals,and publications on China,as well as field research by lexicon compilers within China and studies of Chinese geographical literature.Throughout the translation process,these dictionaries introduced modern geographical insights and national concepts,offering a relatively impartial assessment of ancient Chinese natural geography.However,interpretations of"China"were significantly influenced by colonial perspectives,leading to occasional"misinterpretations"that inadvertently assisted colonial agendas.These outcomes were shaped by the compilers'own identities and the practical imperatives of missionary activities and colonial interests.

关 键 词：双语词典 地理知识 译介 走向世界 

分 类 号：H16[语言文字—汉语] K25[历史地理—历史学]