临床医学生共情能力现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis on Status and Influencing Factors of Empathy Ability among Clinical Medical Students

作　　者：卜天一 张闻笛 万博文 聂鹳颖 邱晓惠[1] 乔正学[1] 周佳玮[1] 胡晓朦 吴娴 杨艳杰[1] BU Tianyi;ZHANG Wendi;WAN Bowen;NIE Guanying;QIU Xiaohui;QIAO Zhengxue;ZHOU Jiawei;HU Xiaomeng;WU Xian;YANG Yanjie(Harbin Medical University,Harbin City,Heilongjiang Province,China 150076;Jinzhou Medical University,Jinzhou City,Liaoning Province,China 121001)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150076 [2]锦州医科大学,辽宁锦州121001

出　　处：《卫生职业教育》2024年第15期109-115,共7页HEALTH VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

基　　金：2022年黑龙江省高等教育教学改革研究项目“基于在线虚拟病人学习工具提高医学生临床推理能力的培养策略研究”(SJGY20220288);2022年哈尔滨医科大学校级教育科学研究课题“医学生共情能力培养的教育策略研究”(XY202206)。

摘　　要：目的 调查分析临床医学生共情能力现状及影响因素,并提出提高共情能力的策略。方法 使用杰弗逊共情能力量表(学生版)、修订版成人依恋量表、大学生学习倦怠量表、简式父母教养方式问卷(中文版),对哈尔滨市某医科大学本科临床医学专业220名在校生开展调查。结果 临床医学生共情能力量表总分为(102.07±15.76)分,处于中等水平;多元线性回归分析结果显示,低成就感、行为不当、依恋类型中的亲近和父母教养方式中的拒绝是影响临床医学生共情能力的主要因素。结论 临床医学生共情能力有待提升。教育工作者应关注学生共情能力现状,增设共情教育课程,采取有效措施降低其学习倦怠水平,根据依恋类型制订适当的培养计划,并帮助其父母改善教养方式,以提升临床医学生整体共情能力。Objective To investigate and analyze the status and influencing factors of empathy ability among clinical medical students,and propose strategies to enhance empathy ability.Methods A survey was conducted on 220 clinical medical undergraduates in a medical university in Harbin with revised version of the Jefferson Empathy Scale(Student Version),Adult Attachment Scale,C-ollege Student Learning Burnout Scale,and Simplified Parenting Style Questionnaire(Chinese Version).Results The total score of the Empathy Ability Scale for Clinical Medical Students was(102.07±15.76),which was at a moderate level.The results of multiple linear regression analysis show that low sense of achievement,inappropriate behavior,closeness in attachment types,and rejection in parental parenting styles are the main factors affecting the empathy ability of clinical medical students.Conclusion The empathy ability of clinical medical students needs to be improved.Education workers should pay attention to the status of students′empathy ability,increase empathy education courses,take effective measures to reduce their level of learning fatigue,develop appropriate training plans based on attachment types,and help their parents improve their parenting methods to enhance the overall empathy ability of clinical medical students.

关 键 词：临床医学生 共情能力 依恋 父母教养方式 学习倦怠 

分 类 号：G526.5[文化科学—教育学]