儒道之间:庄子的学派归属问题刍议  

Between Confucianism and Taoism:Discussion on the Attribution of Zhuangzi's School

作　　者：王玉彬[1] Wang Yubin(School of Philosophy and Social Development,Center for Zhouyi and Ancient Chinese Philosophy,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学易学与中国古代哲学研究中心哲学与社会发展学院,济南250100

出　　处：《晋阳学刊》2024年第4期126-133,共8页Academic Journal of Jinyang

摘　　要：在中国哲学史上,庄子是唯一一个既被视为道家,又被看作儒家的命世大哲。作为道家的庄子出于西汉学者的建构,作为儒家的庄子源自郭象一系儒家学者的建构。尽管这两种思想史建构均非先秦之旧,却都言之成理,并能在《庄子》中找到一些文本证据。庄子之所以既可以是道家,又可以是儒家,根源在于其思想渊源的丰富性、思想形态的开放性、语言表达的自由性、文本衍变的复杂性,这些特征使得庄学呈现出一副“浑沌”样态,具备极强的可塑性。对于“无家可归”的庄子哲学而言,道家与儒家在凸显其某种特质的同时,也在遮蔽乃至破坏着庄学自身的纯粹性与开放性。在此意义上,居于“儒道之间”的庄子哲学的独特性更值得珍视。In the history of Chinese philosophy,Zhuangzi is the only one who is regarded as both Taoist and Confucian.As a Taoist,Zhuangzi was constructed by Western Han scholars,while as a Confucian,Zhuangzi was constructed by Confucian scholars of the school of Guo Xiang.Although neither of the two ideological history constructions is from the pre-Qin period,they are both reasonable,and some textual evidence can be found in Zhuangzi.The reason why Zhuangzi can be both Taoism and Confucianism lies in the richness of his ideological origin,the openness of ideological form,the freedom of language expression and the complexity of text evolution.These characteristics make Zhuangzi's study appear a"chaotic"state with strong plasticity.For the"homeless"Zhuangzi philosophy,Taoism and Confucianism not only highlight its certain characteristics,but also cover and even destroy the purity and openness of Zhuangzi itself.In this sense,the uniqueness of Zhuangzi's philosophy,which lies between Confucianism and Taoism,is more worthy of cherish.

关 键 词：庄子 道家 儒家 儒道会通 

分 类 号：B223.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]