论口述史方法在教育研究中的价值与应用原则  

Value and Application Principles of Oral History in Educational Research

作　　者：胡艳[1,2] Hu Yan(Faculty of Education of Beijing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部 [2]教育部普通高校人文社科重点研究基地北京师范大学教师教育研究中心

出　　处：《教育史研究》2024年第2期23-31,共9页Educational History Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金“十四五”规划2022年度教育学一般课题“我国当代中小学教学名师成长的本土路径与机制研究”(BHA220118)。

摘　　要：口述史在各个领域被广泛应用,在教育研究中却乏善可陈。究其原因,主要是一些教育研究者科学理性的思维方式对口述史价值心存怀疑,以及对口述史研究的陌生。口述史在教育研究中有很宽广的应用空间和价值,主要表现在五个方面:抢救“活”的教育史料,丰富、拓展教育历史研究;拓展教育社会学的研究领域;用细节来反映当代中国教育的特色、经验与精神;促成教师实践性知识的显现;勾勒教师成长的轨迹及阶段性特征。口述史的应用应遵循五个原则:从更绵长的历史视角开展研究;尽可能用多种手段确保口述资料的真实性、完整性;在分析研究中,坚持口述记录和文本资料分析相结合;注重多元的解释方式;注重口述史研究的伦理,通过签署法律授权书,确保访谈双方的权益。Nowadays,oral history is widely used in various fields,but there are few achievements in educational research.The main reason is that scientific and rational way of thinking doubts the value of oral history and is unfamiliar to its research.Oral history has broad application space and value in educational research demonstrated in saving educational historical materials,enriching and expanding educational history research,expanding the research field of educational sociology,showing the characteristics,experience and spirit of contemporary Chinese education with details,promoting the manifestation of teachers’practical knowledge,and outlining the track and stage characteristics of teachers’growth.Oral history has five principles in educational research:educational oral history should be developed from a longer historical perspective,ensuring the authenticity and integrity of oral material by various means,combining oral records and text material analysis in analysis and research,applying multiple interpretation methods,and focusing on ethics by signing legal authorization letter to ensure the rights and interests of both sides of the interview.

关 键 词：口述历史 教育口述史 教育史研究方法 

分 类 号：G40-09[文化科学—教育学原理]