从“封闭”走向“融合”:新时代民族学校体系变革的路向  

From“Closure”to“Integration”:The Way Forward for theTransformation of the Ethnic School System in the New Era

作　　者：党宝宝[1] 张梦乡 DANG Bao-bao;ZHANG Meng-xiang(Research Center for Education of Northwest Ethnic Minorities,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou,Gansu,730070,PRC)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学西北少数民族教育发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《当代教育与文化》2024年第4期20-27,96,共9页Contemporary Education and Culture

基　　金：2023年甘肃省高校青年博士支持项目(2023QB-113);甘肃省民委铸牢中华民族共同体意识项目(2023-YJXM-10)。

摘　　要：推进民族学校体系变革是新时代民族地区基础教育高质量发展的客观要求。新中国成立以来,民族学校大致经历了“初创与形成、恢复与发展、改革与深化、完善与提升”四个发展时期。当前,民族学校发展中还面临一些挑战,如封闭的民族教育体系不利于多元化高质量人才的培养,闭环的学校空间格局造成青少年“族内聚集、族外隔离”的现象,孤立的民族学校体制加剧了其与普通学校的差距等。进入新时代,亟须建立高度“开放、融合”的教育体系,促进民族学校融入国家统一的教育体系;在尊重历史、尊重公众情感的基础上,分层推进“民汉合校”;以“增进共同性,尊重和包容差异性”为原则,拓宽各民族青少年交往交流的广度与深度;实施“公平、精准”取向的教育差别化支持政策,全面推进民族教育高质量发展。Promoting the transformation of the national school system is an objective requirement for the high-quality development of basic education in national minority areas in the new era.Since the founding of New China,ethnic schools have gone through four periods of development,namely,“initialization and formation,restoration and development,reform and deepening,and improvement and upgrading”.At present,ethnic schools are still facing some challenges in their development,such as the“isolated”ethnic education system,which is not conducive to the cultivation of diversified and high-quality talents,the“closed-loop”spatial pattern of schools,which results in the phenomenon that young people are“gathered within the ethnic group and isolated outside the group”,and the phenomenon of“isolation”of the ethnic group.The“closed-loop”spatial pattern of schools has led to the phenomenon of youth“gathering within the ethnic group and segregating outside the ethnic group”,and the“isolated”ethnic school system has exacerbated the gap between ethnic schools and ordinary schools.As we enter a new era,there is an urgent need to establish a highly“open and integrated”education system,and to promote the integration of ethnic schools into the unified national education system;to promote“ethnic-Chinese coeducation”in a gradual manner based on respect for history and public sentiment;and to promote“ethnic-Chinese coeducation”by“promoting commonality,respecting commonality,and respecting commonality”.The principle of“promoting commonality and respecting and accommodating differences”is to broaden the breadth and depth of interactions and exchanges among young people of all ethnicities;the“education differentiation support policy”oriented towards“fairness and precision”is to be implemented;and the overall promotion of ethnic schools is to be carried out in a comprehensive manner,with a view to promoting the integration of ethnic schools into the unified national education system.It als

关 键 词：民族学校 教育体系 国家通用语言文字教育 交往交流交融 高质量发展 

分 类 号：G757[文化科学—教育学]