2021年河南省居民对食物中营养素知识知晓情况及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the awareness of food nutrient knowledge and influencing factors among the residents of Henan province in 2021

作　　者：周昇昇[1] 韩涵 冯寅花 许娟 付鹏钰[1] 李杉[1] 袁蒲[1] 杨丽[1] 叶冰[1] 张书芳[1] ZHOU Shengsheng;HAN Han;FENG Yinhua;XU Juan;FU Pengyu;LI Shan;YUAN Pu;YANG Li;YE Bing;ZHANG Shufang(Institute of Public Health,Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450016,China;National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心公共卫生研究所,河南郑州450016 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2024年第6期401-406,共6页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

摘　　要：目的了解河南省居民对食物中营养素知识的知晓现况,分析其影响因素,为河南省开展膳食指南宣传教育提供依据。方法于2021年5月采用多阶段抽样方法抽取河南省14个县(市、区)4735名18~65岁常住居民进行食物中营养素知识问卷调查,主要内容包括粗粮营养价值、科学补钙等,并对数据结果进行统计分析。结果4735份有效问卷显示河南省居民对食物中营养素的总体知晓率为12.9%,其中,食物维度知晓率为65.8%,正确率为25.0%;营养素维度知晓率为10.4%,正确率为0.1%。30~<40岁居民知晓率最高(15.2%),组间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=31.895,P<0.05);城市居民知晓率(17.7%)高于农村(9.3%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=73.083,P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,农村居民知晓率是城市的0.401倍(95%CI:0.330~0.488);小学及以下文化程度作为参照,初中/高中和大专/大学及以上文化程度的居民知晓率分别是小学程度居民的4.557、7.205倍(95%CI:2.522~8.235、3.885~13.362);相比于其它职业,医院、疾控、社区卫生服务中心等各级医疗卫生机构和相关科研院所从业人员以及在学校、托幼机构、培训机构工作的教师或行政人员的知晓率分别是其它的1.598、1.476倍(95%CI:1.207~2.114、1.070~2.035)。结论河南省居民对食物中营养素的科学知识知晓情况处于较低水平,应加大宣传教育力度,促使居民尤其是老年人群和文化水平较低的人群提高食物营养健康知识。Objective To assess the awareness of food nutrient knowledge among the residents'of Henan province,analyze factors influencing the awareness,so as to provide a basis for targeted dietary education initiatives.Methods In May 2021,a multi-stage sampling method was utilized to select 4735 permanent residents aged 18-65 years from 14 counties(cities,districts)in Henan province.A questionnaire survey on food and nutrient knowledge were conducted,covering topics such as the nutritional value of coarse grains and scientific calcium supplementation,et al.Data analysis was performed using statistical methods.Results Based on 4735 valid questionnaires,the overall awareness rate of food and nutrient knowledge was 12.9%.The awareness rate regarding food dimensions was 65.8%,with a correct rate of 25.0%.For nutrient dimensions the awareness rate was 10.4%,with a correct rate of 0.1%.The highest awareness rate was observed in the age group of 30 to<40 years(15.2%),with significant differences groupss(χ^(2)=31.895,P<0.05).Urban residents had higher awareness(17.7%)compared to rural residents(9.3%)(χ^(2)=73.083,P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the awareness rate of rural residents had a 0.401 times higher awareness rate than that of urban residents(95%CI:0.330-0.488).Compared to the awareness rates of residents with a primary school or lower education level,residents with educational level of middle school/high school,and college/university had 4.557and 7.205 times higher awareness rate(95%CI:2.522-8.235,3.885-13.362),respectively.Professionals in medical and health institutions at all levels(such as hospitals,disease control centers,community health service centers)and in related research institutes,and professionals,in schools,daycare institutions,and training institutions(such as teachers and administrative staff)had 1.598(95%CI:1.207-2.114),and 1.476(95%CI:1.070-2.035)times higher awareness rates than other professionals,respectively.Conclusions The level of awareness regarding scientific kn

关 键 词：食物 营养素 知晓率 河南省 膳食教育 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]