重载铁路小半径曲线内轨滚动接触疲劳机理研究  

Investigation on Mechanisms of Rolling Contact Fatigue Occurring on Low Rails of Sharp Curves on Heavy Haul Railway Line

作　　者：栗杨 赵鑫[1] 温泽峰[1] 彭峰 郝天懿 LI Yang;ZHAO Xin;WEN Zefeng;PENG Feng;HAO Tianyi(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Manufacturing Department,Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co.,Ltd.,Baotou 014010,China;Maintenance Department,China Railway Hohhot Group Co.,Ltd.,Hohhot 010000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [2]内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司制造部,内蒙古包头014010 [3]中国铁路呼和浩特集团有限公司工务处,内蒙古呼和浩特010000

出　　处：《铁道学报》2024年第7期91-100,共10页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U21A20167);四川省国际科技创新合作项目(2021YFH0006);牵引动力国家重点实验室自主课题(2022TPL_T06)。

摘　　要：国内某重载铁路小半径曲线内轨发生严重的滚动接触疲劳及其所致剥离损伤,主要集中在内侧轨肩处。为揭示其萌生机理,在轮轨现场观测和列车参数调研的基础上,建立典型重载列车的动力学模型,并利用损伤函数与表面滚动接触疲劳指数,数值分析内轨滚动接触疲劳的主要影响因素。所预测的疲劳区位置、严重程度及裂纹扩展方向等均与现场观测吻合,并发现钢轨磨耗失形是滚动接触疲劳在内轨两侧轨肩处发生的根本原因。内轨内侧轨肩处疲劳由机车曲线通过行为主导,“Co-Co”式转向架中间轮对的贡献最显著,机车导向轮对与货车共同决定了内轨外侧轨肩疲劳。随着曲线半径R增大,轮轨间作用强度减弱,使得内轨疲劳的严重程度逐渐降低,两轨肩疲劳区向轨顶中心靠拢,并最终在R为1000 m左右时合为1个疲劳区,轨面剥离现象也趋于消失。Severe rolling contact fatigue(RCF)and the resulting spalling have been observed on the low rails of sharp curves on a heavy haul railway line in China,especially on the inner rail shoulder.In order to reveal its initiation mechanism,a dynamic model was developed for the typical heavy haul train running on the line,for which observations and measurements of wheels and rails were considered together with design parameters of the locomotives and wagons.The surface RCF index and the damage function were employed to isolate the main influencing factors of the RCF numerically.The results show that the predicted RCF zones,crack direction and their severity are all in great agreement with field observations,and the worn rail profile is found to be the root cause of two RCF zones occurring on the inner and outer shoulders of the low rails.The RCF on the inner shoulder of the low rail is dominated by the passing locomotives,with most significant RCF contribution by the middle wheelset of the“Co-Co”type bogie.The leading wheelsets of locomotives and the wagons determine the RCF on the outer shoulder of the low rails.With the increase of the curve radius,the dynamic wheel-rail interaction weakens,causing decreasing severity of RCF on the low rails,with the inner and outer RCF zones moving towards the center of the rail top,until eventually merging into one RCF zone on curves with a radius of about 1000 m,with spalling tending to disappear.

关 键 词：重载铁路 滚动接触疲劳 内轨 列车动力学 损伤函数 滚动接触疲劳指数 

分 类 号：U213.4[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]