草鱼腐败菌Pseudomonas putida和Shewanella putrefaciens互作对其致腐能力的影响  

Effect of Interactions Between Grass Carp Spoilage Bacteria Pseudomonas putida and Shewanella putrefaciens on Their Spoilage Potentials

作　　者：庄帅 梁释介 熊欣 罗永康[2] ZHUANG Shuai;LIANG Shijie;XIONG Xin;LUO Yongkang(School of Food and Health,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学食品与健康学院,北京100048 [2]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《食品科学技术学报》2024年第4期156-163,共8页Journal of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32172254);北京市自然科学基金项目(6212011);海南省重点研发计划项目(ZDYF2021XDNY154);国家大宗淡水鱼类产业技术体系专项资金资助项目(CARS-45)。

摘　　要：草鱼贮藏期间易由于微生物的生长繁殖发生腐败变质,一定程度上制约了其加工产业的发展。微生物互作是影响食品腐败的重要因素,为探究微生物互作在草鱼品质劣变中的作用,将Pseudomonas putida(P.putida)和Shewanella putrefaciens(S.putrefaciens)混合接种至草鱼鱼肉和精氨酸溶液中,通过测定鱼肉贮藏期间菌落总数、可溶性肽、游离氨和腐胺等指标的变化,以及精氨酸溶液中的腐胺产量,揭示草鱼腐败微生物P.putida和S.putrefaciens互作效应对这2种菌生长和致腐能力的影响。结果表明,P.putida具有较强的产嗜铁素能力,并通过竞争三价铁离子抑制了鱼肉中S.putrefaciens的生长。P.putida和S.putrefaciens互作升高了贮藏前11 d鱼肉中游离氨和贮藏前8 d鱼肉中腐胺的含量,但对鱼肉中可溶性肽的生成没有促进作用。贮藏11 d后,由于S.putrefaciens的生长受到抑制,P.putida和S.putrefaciens没有通过互作效应促进游离氨和腐胺的产生。P.putida可以通过精氨酸脱亚胺酶途径为S.putrefaciens提供精氨酸降解产物,从而增强S.putrefaciens产腐胺的能力。整体来说,P.putida和S.putrefaciens在贮藏期(0~11 d)内会通过代谢共栖等菌间互作效应增强致腐能力,并加速草鱼理化指标劣变。S.putrefaciens在草鱼腐败及2种微生物间的互作效应中起基础作用,今后在鱼肉贮藏保鲜技术开发中应注重对S.putrefaciens的控制研究。Grass carp are perishable due to the growth of microorganisms during storage,which restricts the development of its processing industry to some extent.Microbial interactions are important factors affecting food spoilage.In order to explore the roles of microbial interactions in the deterioration of grass carp quality,Pseudomonas putida(P.putida)and Shewanella putrefaciens(S.putrefaciens)were co-inoculated into grass carp flesh and arginine solutions.The effects of the interactions between P.putida and S.putrefaciens on their growth and spoilage potentials were evaluated by detecting total viable counts,soluble peptides,free ammonia,and putrescine changes in co-inoculated fish flesh and the putrescine production in the co-inoculated arginine solutions.Results showed that P.putida had potent activity in producing siderophores and inhibited the growth of S.putrefaciens in fish flesh by competing for ferric irons.The interactions between P.putida and S.putrefaciens increased the ammonia content of fish flesh in the first 11 d of storage and facilitated the putrescine production in the first 8d of storage,but had no promoting effect on the production of soluble peptides.After 11 d of storage,P.putida and S.putrefaciens did not promote the production of free ammonia and putrescine through interaction effects due to the inhibition of S.putrefaciens growth.P.putida was able to enhance the putrescine-producing activity of S.putrefaciens by providing arginine-degrading products through the arginine deiminase pathway.Overall,P.putida and S.putrefaciens facilitated the quality deterioration of grass carp during storage(0-11 d)through microbial interactions like metabiosis.S.putrefaciens played a primary role in grass carp spoilage and the interactions with P.putida.More attention should be paid to the control research of S.putrefaciens in the development of fish preservation techniques.

关 键 词：草鱼 腐败菌 致腐能力 微生物互作 鱼类贮藏保鲜 水产品 

分 类 号：TS254.4[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]