被自我遮蔽的诗法--论严羽的诗法观念及其诗学史意义  

The Poetic Skills Covered by Self:A Study on Yan Yu’s Conception of Poetic Skills and Its Significance in the Poetic History

作　　者：吴晨骅 WU Chenhua(College of Liberal Arts,Hunan Normal University,Changsha,Hunan 410081)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学文学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《中国文学研究》2024年第3期72-79,共8页Research of Chinese Literature

基　　金：湖南省社会科学成果评审委项目“《钦定词谱》词体句式观念研究”(XSP2023WXC040)。

摘　　要：严羽在《沧浪诗话》中有大量的篇幅讲授诗法,他提出在写诗前就要先熟读熟参,在下笔时也很注重具体的声律、结构与修辞方法。在论述诗法时,严羽大多采取了从反面出发的言说方式,而较少从正面立论。这既与他对时人诗法的强烈批评息息相关,更隐含着其诗学理论中妙悟与诗法的内在矛盾。该矛盾的产生,源自诗学认识论与方法论的混淆。对看似无法的妙悟的崇尚,在一定程度上导致了对诗法的自我遮蔽。严羽为此把诗法排除出诗学“第一义”范畴的做法,虽然指明了重视诗歌旨趣的道路,但也是后世轻视诗法的重要诱因。Yan Yu has a lot of space to teach poetic skills in Canglang Poetry.He asks for close reading and pays great attention to rhythm,structure and rhetoric before writing poems.In his teaching,he is used to expressing from the contrary side and lacking in positive argument.This is because of his strong criticism of the poetic skills of the contemporary people and the internal contradiction between“subtle enlightenment”and skills.This contradiction arises from the confusion between poetics epistemology and methodology.To a certain extent,the admiration for seemingly unskilled“subtle enlightenment”led to the self concealment of poetic skills.Yan Yu therefore excluded the poetic skills from the category of“the most important”of poetics.Although it pointed out the path of attaching importance to the purport of poetry,it was also an important inducement for the later generations to despise poetic skills.

关 键 词：《沧浪诗话》 严羽 诗法 妙悟 中国诗学 

分 类 号：I01[文学—文学理论]