食用菌中砷、汞富集特征与吸收机制研究进展  

Research Progress on Bioaccumulation Characteristics and Uptake Mechanisms of Arsenic and Mercury in Edible Mushrooms

作　　者：王翠婷 张玉康 阮若涵 瞿福 刘雪 WANG Cuiting;ZHANG Yukang;RUAN Ruohan;QU Fu;LIU Xue(College of Ecology and Environment,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学生态与环境学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《食品科学》2024年第15期338-350,共13页Food Science

基　　金：云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”青年人才项目(YNQR-QNRC-2018-027);云南省农业联合专项(202301BD070001-154;202101BD070001-043);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2024Y599);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(41867066);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41907129)。

摘　　要：食用菌包括人工菌和野生菌,极易从土壤中吸收并富集重(类)金属。汞(Hg)、砷(As)是土壤中典型高毒性重(类)金属元素,易被食用菌吸收,并通过食物链传递、富集,最终进入人体,具有潜在食品安全风险。食用菌(特别是野生菌)中As、Hg富集特征及潜在风险已引起广泛关注,但目前关于食用菌As、Hg污染特征及其吸收机制的系统性综述较少。据此,本文对食用菌(人工菌和野生菌)中As、Hg含量与分布特征(菌盖、菌柄)进行综述,重点阐述食用菌对As、Hg的富集能力、转运能力及吸收方式(细胞表面被动吸附、细胞内主动吸收),可为对比分析人工菌和野生菌对As、Hg吸收、富集、分配差异提供基础信息,并为深入研究食用菌吸收富集重金属的过程机制提供理论依据,对食用菌重金属风险阻控和保障食用菌食品安全具有一定的现实意义。Edible mushrooms,including cultivated and wild mushroom,are highly susceptible to absorption and accumulation of metal(loid)s from soils.Mercury(Hg) and arsenic(As) are typical toxic metal(loid)s in soils,which are readily absorbed by edible mushrooms,transported and enriched via the food chain and finally enters the human body,posing potential risks to food safety.The accumulation and potential risks of As and Hg in edible mushrooms(especially wild mushrooms) have attracted increasing attention,but a systematic review on their pollution characteristics and absorption mechanisms is lacking.Therefore,this paper reviews the concentrations and distribution characteristics(in the cap and stipe) of As and Hg in cultivated and wild mushrooms,with a focus on the accumulation ability,transportation ability and uptake modes(passive adsorption on the cell surface and active uptake within cells),which provides basic information for comparative analysis of differences in As and Hg absorption,enrichment and distribution between cultivated and wild mushrooms,and provide theoretical support for in-depth studies on the process and mechanism of metal(loid)s accumulation in edible mushrooms.This review is of practical significance for the prevention and control of the risk of heavy metals accumulation in edible mushrooms and for protecting the safety of edible mushrooms.

关 键 词：人工菌 野生菌 砷 汞 生物富集 食品安全 

分 类 号：TS201.6[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]