甘肃陇南不同种类花椒籽的营养成分对比研究  

Comparative study on the nutritional composition of different types of zanthoxylum bungeanum maxim seeds in longnan,gansu

作　　者：张莉[1] 古雪艳 韩富军[3] 徐国伟 张康[2] 王磊[2] 郭志廷[2] 李建喜[2] Hanyurwumutima Egide 刘佳惠 张洺溪 陈海瑜 张景艳[2] 王学智[4] ZHANG Li;GU Xueyan;HAN Fujun;XU Guowei;ZHANG Kang;WANG Lei;GUO Zhiting;LI Jianxi;HANYURWUMUTIMA Egide;LIU Jiahui;ZHANG Mingxi;Chen Haiyu;ZHANG Jingyan;WANG Xuezhi(Gansu Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Lanzhou,Gansu 730046,China;Lanzhou Institute of Animal Husbandry and Pharmaceutiacl Sciences of CAAS,Lanzhou Gansu Province 730050,China;Institute of Fruit and Floriculture of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou Province 730070,China;Lanzhou Institute of Veterinary Medicine of CAAS,Lanzhou Gansu Province 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省动物疫病预防控制中心,甘肃兰州730046 [2]中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所,甘肃兰州730050 [3]甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所,甘肃兰州730070 [4]中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《中国饲料》2024年第14期14-19,共6页China Feed

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“文县花椒产业提质增效关键技术集成与示范”(2022YFD1602204);中国农业科学院中兽医与临床创新团队(CAAS-ASTIP-2015-LIHPS-06)。

摘　　要：文章旨在以甘肃省陇南市文县九月青花椒籽、红花椒籽、无刺嫁接红花椒籽、为研究对象,采用凯氏定氮法、色谱法等测定花椒籽中蛋白、挥发油等主要营养成分的含量,评价3个不同种类花椒籽的饲用价值。结果表明,经过品种改良后,无刺嫁接花椒籽中的水分、总灰分和粗纤维含量下降,粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量增加;无刺嫁接红花椒籽中粗脂肪、粗蛋白和挥发油含量显著高于九月青花椒籽和红花椒籽(P<0.05)。无刺嫁接红花椒籽中α-亚油酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、顺油酸、顺亚油酸和十五烷酸中含量显著高于九月青花椒籽(P<0.05)。无刺嫁接红花椒籽中的天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、精氨酸、甘氨酸、亮氨酸、丙氨酸、丝氨酸、苯丙氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、脯氨酸、组氨酸含量和氨基酸总量均显著高于九月青花椒籽和红花椒籽中的氨基酸含量(P<0.05)。无刺嫁接红花椒籽所含必需氨基酸中异亮氨酸、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸均低于FAO/WHO的推荐值,且只在无刺嫁接红花椒籽中检测出蛋氨酸,其中亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸和缬氨酸均高于FAO/WHO的推荐值。综上所述,3个不同种类的花椒籽中各组成成分种类和含量有所不同,其中无刺嫁接花椒籽富含多种营养成分,具有良好的饲用开发价值。The purpose of this study is to investigate the seeds of Zanthoxylum schinifolium Sieb&Zucc,red Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim,and prickless grafted red Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim from Wenxian County,Longnan City,Gansu Province.We used Kjeldahl nitrogen determination,HPLC,and other methods to measure the content of protein,volatile oil,and other main nutrients in these seeds to evaluate their feeding value.The results showed that,after cultivar improvement,the contents of water,total ash,and crude fiber in the prickless grafted red Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seeds decreased,while the contents of crude protein and crude fat increased.The crude fat content,crude protein content,and volatile oil content of the prickless grafted variety were significantly higher than those of the other two types(P<0.05).The contents ofα-linolenic acid,palmitic acid,stearic acid,cis-oleic acid,cis-linoleic acid,and pentadecanoic acid in the prickless grafted variety were significantly higher than in the Zanthoxylum schinifolium seeds(P<0.05).The contents of aspartic acid,glutamic acid,arginine,glycine,leucine,alanine,serine,phenylalanine,threonine,valine,isoleucine,proline,histidine,and total amino acids in the prickless grafted variety were significantly higher than in the other two types(P<0.05).The essential amino acids isoleucine,lysine,methionine,and threonine in the prickless grafted variety were lower than the FAO/WHO recommended values;only methionine was detected,and leucine,phenylalanine+tyrosine,and valine were higher than the FAO/WHO recommended values.In conclusion,the composition of the seeds varies among the three types of prickly ash studied.The prickless grafted red Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seeds could be used as a new animal feed to improve the utilization rate of the Zanthoxylum bungeanum industry in Wenxian County.

关 键 词：花椒籽 不同品种 甘肃陇南 营养价值 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]