2010—2022年成都市食源性疾病暴发事件流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks in Chengdu City from 2010 to 2022

作　　者：冯敏[1] 李晓辉[1] 王瑶[1] 何志凡[1] 胡金宇 陈奇言 伏星 曹晋原[1] FENG Min;LI Xiaohui;WANG Yao;HE Zhifan;HU Jinyu;CHEN Qiyan;FU Xing;CAO Jinyuan(Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市疾病预防控制中心,成都610041

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2024年第7期755-760,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的 分析2010—2022年成都市食源性疾病暴发事件的流行病学特征,为有效预防和控制食源性疾病事件的发生提供科学依据。方法 收集整理2010—2022年成都市食源性疾病暴发监测系统报告的食源性疾病暴发事件资料,采用WPS Office软件建立数据库,应用SPSS 25.0进行统计分析,采用构成比、率等指标描述食源性疾病报告情况,食源性疾病暴发事件数随年份变化的趋势进行Cox-Stuart趋势检验,检验水准为α=0.05。结果 2010—2022年成都市食源性疾病暴发监测系统共报告事件275起,发病2 769人,死亡4人。食源性疾病暴发起数最多的是7月(占总起数的19.64%),发病人数最多的是6月(占总发病人数的16.58%)。事件致病因素以致病微生物为主,引起的事件数占总体的42.55%;其次为有毒蘑菇和有毒动植物,其中有毒蘑菇是导致死亡人数最多的致病因素。食源性疾病暴发的主要场所是餐饮服务单位和家庭。结论 致病微生物和有毒动植物(含有毒蘑菇)导致的食源性疾病是成都市重要的食品安全问题。相关部门应在重点季节加强监管以及对重点地区、重点人群开展健康教育,预防食源性疾病的发生。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks in Chengdu City from 2010 to 2022,and to provide scientific basis for effective prevention and control of foodborne disease outbreaks.Methods Data of foodborne disease outbreaks in Chengdu City from 2010 to 2022 reported in the National Foodborne Disease Surveillance Network were collected and sorted.WPS Office software was used to establish the database.SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis.Indicators such as composition ratio and rate were used to describe the reporting status of foodborne diseases.Cox-Stuart trend test was used to examine the trend of the number of foodborne disease outbreaks with the change of year.The test level was α=0.05.Results From 2010 to 2022,a total of 275 incidents in Chengdu City were reported in the National Foodborne Disease Surveillance Network,with 2 769 cases and 4 deaths.The largest number of foodborne disease outbreaks occurred in July(19.64% of the total number of outbreaks) and the largest number of illnesses occurred in June(16.58% of the total number of illnesses).Most foodborne disease outbreaks were caused by pathogenic microorganisms,which caused 42.55% of the total number of incidents,followed by poisonous mushrooms and toxic plants and animals,with poisonous mushrooms being the causative factor leading to the largest number of deaths.The main places where foodborne disease outbreaks occurred were food service establishments and homes.Conclusions Foodborne diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms and toxic plants and animals(containing poisonous mushrooms) are an important food safety issue in Chengdu City.Relevant departments should strengthen supervision and carry out health education in key areas and populations during key seasons to prevent the occurrence of food-borne diseases.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 暴发 流行病学分析 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]