粗糙脉孢菌固态发酵产β-胡萝卜素及对蛋鸡饲喂的影响  

β-Carotene production by solid-state fermentation of Neurospora crassa and the effects of feeding it to laying hens

作　　者：何跃 田雪平[2] 马艳丽 姬高升 刘杨[2] 许力山[2] 康宇 王新惠[1] 吴红 雷珂 田彬 刘元兴 闫志英 HE Yue;TIAN Xueping;MA Yanli;JI Gaosheng;LIU Yang;XU Lishan;KANG Yu;WANG Xinhui;WU Hong;LEI Ke;TIAN Bin;LIU Yuanxing;YAN Zhiying(College of Food and Bioengineering,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology,Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Leqiye Trade Co.Ltd.,Leshan 614000,China;College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Xi’an Engineering University,Xi’an 710600,China;Sichuan Ruixiang Agricultural Technology Development Co.,Meishan 620000,China)

机构地区：[1]成都大学食品与生物工程学院,成都610106 [2]中国科学院环境与应用微生物重点实验室,环境微生物四川省重点实验室,中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [3]乐山市乐其业商贸有限公司,乐山614000 [4]西安工程大学环境与化学工程学院,西安710600 [5]四川瑞象农业科技发展有限公司,眉山620000

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2024年第3期600-606,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2022JDTD0027);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB23026022);高产β-胡萝卜素发酵技术工艺开发服务项目(E1A212)资助。

摘　　要：粗糙脉孢菌(Neurospora crassa)能够利用农产品副产物为原料经固态发酵产生β-胡萝卜素并应用于动物饲料中,然而目前缺乏其发酵产物的动物饲喂评价研究.通过单因素和正交试验对粗糙脉孢菌发酵豆渣过程的参数进行优化,并根据最优发酵条件进行浅盘放大试验,最后直接利用发酵物替代日粮中的豆粕成分进行蛋鸡饲喂试验.结果表明:粗糙脉孢菌发酵生产β-胡萝卜素的最佳条件为发酵温度为30℃,基质含水率为60%,pH为6,发酵时间72 h,此条件下β-胡萝卜素产量为202.20μg/g(发酵物),浅盘放大试验获得β-胡萝卜素的产量为210μg/g(发酵物).饲喂试验表明发酵物替代豆粕可使蛋鸡的产蛋率从75.25%提升至85.75%,显著降低料蛋比,提高日采食量和日增重,提升鸡蛋的色泽,显著提高鸡蛋中β-胡萝卜素的含量.因此,粗糙脉孢菌的发酵产物直接替代豆粕进行蛋鸡饲喂能够简化发酵饲料制备工艺,显著改善蛋鸡的生长和生产性能,促使β-胡萝卜素在鸡蛋中积累.本研究对于利用粗糙脉孢菌生产富含β-胡萝卜素的动物饲料具有重要参考价值.Neurospora crassa can produceβ-carotene through solid-state fermentation utilizing agricultural by-products.To date research into feeding animals such probiotic fermentation products is lacking.We applied one-way and orthogonal experiments to optimize parameters forβ-carotene production during N.crassa fermentation using soybean dregs as substrate.A shallow tray test was conducted as a scale-up experiment using the elucidated optimal fermentation conditions.Finally,the fermentation products directly replaced soybean meal in the diet of laying hens.The optimum conditions to produceβ-carotene by solid state fermentation using soy bean dregs as a substrate were:30℃fermentation temperature,60%substrate moisture content,substrate pH of 6,and 72 h fermentation period.The yield ofβ-carotene reached 202.2μg/g(fermentation products)in orthogonal testing,and the yield ofβ-carotene was 210μg/g(fermentation products)in the platter scale-up fermentation.In the laying hen feeding experiment,replacement of soybean meal with fermentation products increased the laying rate of laying hens from 75.25%to 85.75%,significantly reduced the feed-to-egg ratio,and increased daily feed intake and weight gain.In addition,the color andβ-carotene content of eggs were also significantly increased.Direct replacement of soybean meal with N.crassa fermentation products could simplify fermented feed production,significantly improve the growth and production performance of laying hens,and enable the accumulation ofβ-carotene in eggs,resulting in a significant improvement in color.This study provides an important reference for using N.crassa to produce animal feed rich inβ-carotene.

关 键 词：粗糙脉孢菌 固态发酵 Β-胡萝卜素 蛋鸡 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]