教师社会角色的多重类型:基于UNESCO教育报告及中国政策的分析  

Multiple Types and Superimposed Change of Modern Teachers'Social Roles:A Qualitative Analysis of UNESCO Reports and Chinese Education Policies

作　　者：汤博闻 朱金秋 朱志勇[1] TANG Bowen;ZHU Jinqiu;ZHU Zhiyong(Junior High School of Suzhou Gao-Xin District,Suzhou 215129,China;Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875 [2]苏州市高新区第一初级中学校,苏州215129

出　　处：《比较教育学报》2024年第4期117-129,共13页Journal of Comparative Education

基　　金：教育部政策与法规司资助课题“基于育人方式改革需求的学校制度变革研究”(项目编号:JYBZFS2023408)。

摘　　要：本研究基于知识人的社会角色类型学和角色丛理论,对联合国教科文组织自1972年以来发布的四份全球教育报告进行文本分析,并与四份报告发布同时期的中国政策文本进行比较分析,探究现代教师社会角色理想类型的阶段性演变,探讨中国政策文件中的教师角色表达与国际倡议的相称与殊异。研究发现,现代教师的社会角色在社会情境的压力机制形塑下呈现出“职业人”“专业人”“公共人”的类型,在互动情境的关系机制的建构中生成“学生培养者”“团队协作者”“社区共建者”的类型。其中,成为研究者与公共知识分子是现代教师社会角色嬗变中的重要发展。中国的本土性政策话语则充分关注教师群体的结构性力量,强调教师职业角色的道德属性,并将教师角色纳入全局性的教育行政系统之中来考量其对于公共事务的参与。Based on the role typology of intellectuals and role-set theory,this study analyzes the texts of four global education reports issued by UNESCO since 1972,as well as the Chinese educational policy texts in the same period,to explore the gradual changes of the ideal types of modern teachers’social roles.Further,this study aims to explore the similarities and differences of the teachers'social roles between Chinese policy documents and international initiatives.The study finds that the social role of modern teachers is shaped by the pressure mechanism within the social situation into"occupational person","professional person",and"public person".And in the construction of the relationship mechanism of the interactive situation,the types of teachers’social roles are generated,which respectively refer to"student cultivator","team collaborator",and"community co-builder".Among all the social roles,becoming a researcher and a public intellectual is the most important development in the change of modern teachers'social roles.In addition,China's indigenous policy discourse pays full attention to the structural power of teachers’group,emphasizes the moral attributes of the social role of the teacher,and considers their participation in public affairs by incorporating the role of teachers into the overall educational administration system.

关 键 词：教师 教师社会角色 UNESCO教育报告 政策分析 

分 类 号：G4[文化科学—教育学]