论STEM教育是科学教育的完成形态  

On STEM Education as the Ultimate Form of Scientific Education

作　　者：杨开城[1] 周俞君 Yang Kaicheng;Zhou Yujun(School of Educational Technology,Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部教育技术学院,北京100875

出　　处：《中国电化教育》2024年第8期8-16,共9页China Educational Technology

摘　　要：科学教育语境下的科学是指自然科学,它属于经验科学。作为知识的科学是真理体系的一部分,它表现为与经验事实保持一致的、可证伪的精确判断的命题网络;作为方法的科学是指“接受-怀疑-猜想-检验”的认识过程;作为价值的科学是指科学精神,比如,好奇心驱动、独立自主、基于事实等,以及科学研究伦理规范。基于“知识-方法-价值”的理解框架,科学教育的宗旨是培养学生生活世界中的科学素养,即“懂科学、用科学、倡科学”。由此,科学教育的完成形态必然是STEM教育。为了STEM教育的可持续、高质量的发展,我们需要利用教育众筹机制,应对STEM现代课程开发、专业的科学教师队伍培育以及基于质的教育过程管理这三个相互关联的系统性挑战,从而将课程开发、教师专业发展以及教育过程管理融为同一个过程。这个过程同时也是教育现代转型的过程。In the context of scientific education,‘science’refers to natural science,which is part of empirical science.As a body of knowledge,science is a component of the truth system,manifesting as a network of precise propositions that are consistent with empirical facts and are falsifiable;as a method,science refers to the cognitive process of‘acceptance,skepticism,conjecture,and verification’;as a value,science embodies the scientific spirit,such as curiosity-driven,independent,and fact-based approaches,as well as the ethical norms of scientific research.Based on the‘knowledge-method-value’framework,the purpose of scientific education is to cultivate scientific literacy in students’life worlds,that is,‘understanding science,applying science,and advocating for science.’Consequently,the ultimate form of scientific education is inevitably STEM(Science,Technology,Engineering,and Mathematics)education.To ensure the sustainable and high-quality development of STEM education,we need to leverage educational crowd-funding mechanisms to address the three interrelated systemic challenges of modern STEM curriculum development,the cultivation of professional scientific teachers,and quality-based educational process management,integrating curriculum development,teacher professional development,and educational process management into one single process,which is also modern transformation process of education.

关 键 词：科学教育 STEM教育 现代课程 教育过程管理 教育众筹 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]