美国家庭校外活动的“鸡娃书评”史与儿童竞争资本的制造——Playing to Win: Raising Children in a Competitive Culture  

The History of‘Tiger Parenting’in American Families’Extracurricular Activities and the Creation of Children’s Competitive Capital Book Review on Playing to Win:Raising Children in a Competitive Culture

作　　者：李一 LI Yi

机构地区：[1]中国儿童中心家庭教育部,北京100035

出　　处：《中华家教》2024年第4期80-88,共9页The Family Education Of China

基　　金：中国家庭教育学会“十四五”(2020-2025年)科研重点课题“家校社共育视角下新时代全国家长教育素养现状调查及实践路径研究”(23JXSZ002)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：自20世纪80年代起,校外活动在美国家庭生活中逐渐占据重要地位,并具备了显著的竞争性意义,这也导致中产及以上阶层父母将大量金钱和精力投入到儿童校外生活中。希拉里·弗瑞德曼的Playing to Win:Raising Children in a Competitive Culture一书深入剖析了美国中产及以上阶层家庭校外活动的历史背景、活动内容以及竞争资本的转化机制等,详细记录了家长们如何通过国际象棋、足球、舞蹈等校外竞技活动,看似在“玩”,实际上却是引导儿童内化竞争意识、积累竞争资本,揭示了美国父母“鸡娃”现象与社会竞争加剧、阶层固化之间的内在联系。这对于理解当前中国中产阶层家庭的教育选择具有重要参考价值。Since the 1980s,extracurricular activities have gradually gained importance in American family life and have significant competitive significance,leading to substantial investments from middle and upper-class parents and busy extracurricular schedules for children.Hillary Friedman’s book Playing to Win:Raising Children in a Competitive Culture delves into the history,content,and mechanisms of transforming competitive capital in extracurricular activities in American middle and upper-class families.It details how parents’guide children to internalize a sense of competition and accumulate competitive capital through extracurricular activities such as chess,soccer,and dance,revealing the inherent connection between the phenomenon of‘tiger parenting’in the United States and the intensification of social competition and class stratification.Insights in this book have important reference value for understanding the educational choices of middle-class families in China today.

关 键 词：美国家庭 校外活动 “鸡娃” 竞争资本 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]