湖南与陕西茯砖茶的化学多样性  

Chemical Diversity of Fuzhuan Brick Teas from Hunan and Shaanxi

作　　者：张宁[1] 余士兰 闫昊艺 张运军 韩晓玉 任鸿宇 陈雨情 凌铁军[1] 安茂强 ZHANG Ning;YU Shian;YAN Haoyi;ZHANGYunjun;HAN Xiaoyu;REN Hongyu;CHENYuqing;LING Tiejun;AN Maoqiang(State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;School of Tea and Food Science&Technology,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Yiyang Fu Cha Industry Development Co.Ltd.,Yiyang 413000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学茶树生物学与资源利用国家重点实验室,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽农业大学茶与食品科技学院,安徽合肥230036 [3]湖南省益阳茶厂有限公司,湖南益阳413000

出　　处：《食品科学》2024年第17期146-153,共8页Food Science

基　　金：安徽省重点研发计划项目(202104a06020009);贺州创新驱动发展项目(CX1907007);安徽农业大学大学生创新创业训练项目(X202210364556;X202210364654)。

摘　　要：为探究湖南和陕西两产地茯砖茶的代谢物种类多样性以及比较分析两者代谢物轮廓,同时寻找茶鲜叶与茯砖茶化学成分的区别,进一步考察茯砖茶中来自真菌的代谢产物。本研究采用液相色谱-串联质谱仪和基于特征物的分子网络等方法,对茶鲜叶样本、湖南和陕西两个产地的茯砖茶及其分离真菌进行代谢组学研究。结果表明:在代谢物种类多样性和代谢物轮廓方面,湖南与陕西茯砖茶之间不存在显著差异。另外,茶鲜叶经历加工成为茯砖茶的过程中,代谢物种类多样性极显著提高,黄烷-3-醇类、嘌呤生物碱类、大部分氨基酸及其衍生物类的含量降低,溶血磷脂酰胆碱和脂肪酸的含量增加,且出现了种类丰富的真菌代谢物。典型的真菌代谢物包括异戊烯基环二肽类、异戊烯基苯甲醛类等化合物,它们的存在丰富了茯砖茶代谢物的多样性。This study aimed to explore the diversity of metabolites and compare the metabolite profiles of Fuzhuan brick teas from Hunan and Shaanxi,to find out the difference in chemical components between fresh tea leaves and Fuzhuan brick tea and to identify the metabolites from fungi in Fuzhuan brick tea.Metabolomic studies on fresh tea leaf samples,Hunan and Shaanxi Fuzhuan brick teas and fungi from them were performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)and molecular networks of characteristic metabolites.The results showed no significant difference between Hunan and Shaanxi samples in the diversity or profile of metabolites.However,the diversity of metabolites significantly increased as fresh tea leaves were processed into Fuzhuan brick tea,with a decrease in the contents of flavan-3-ols,alkaloids,most amino acids and their derivatives being observed,as well as an increase in the contents of lysophosphatidylcholines(LPCs)and fatty acids,which was accompanied by the appearance of a rich variety of fungal metabolites.Among them,the typical ones included isopentenyl cyclic dipeptides,isopentenyl benzaldehydes,whose existence enriched the diversity of metabolites in Fuzhuan brick tea.

关 键 词：湖南 陕西 茯砖茶 分子网络 代谢组学 真菌代谢物 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]